36-Month clinical evaluation of two adhesives and microhybrid resin composites in Class I restorations

Purpose: To compare the clinical performance of a self-etching adhesive with that of a popular etch-and-rinse adhesive in Class I posterior composite restorations. Methods: 60 Class I resin composite restorations (30 per group) were placed in matched pairs using either the self-etch adhesive Xeno III and the microhybrid resin composite Esthet-X or the etch-and-rinse adhesive OptiBond Solo Plus and Point 4 microhybrid resin composite. Subjects were interviewed via telephone 1 week after restoration placement to assess early post-operative sensitivity. In addition, the restorations were evaluated clinically for post-operative sensitivity, marginal quality, wear, and other characteristics immediately after placement and at 6, 12, 18, and 36 months from baseline. Results: During the first week after placement, subjects reported that 23% of restorations in each group had post-operative sensitivity. Sensitivity decreased greatly with time, and differences between the two groups were never statistically significant. Marginal integrity and discoloration were similar for each group at each recall evaluation. Wear of both resin composites increased over time, but mean wear remained at less than 100 μm for each resin composite at 3 years.