A cross-sectional examination of response inhibition and working memory on the Stroop task

Natasha Duell; Grace Icenogle; Karol Silva; Jason Chein; Laurence Steinberg; Marie T. Banich; Laura Di Guinta; Kenneth A. Dodge; Kostas A. Fanti; Jennifer E. Lansford; Paul Oburu; Concetta Pastorelli; Ann T. Skinner; Emma Sorbring; Sombat Tapanya; Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado; Liane Peña Alampay; Suha M. Al-Hassan; Hanan M.S. Takash; Dario Bacchini; Lei Chang; Nandita Chaudhary

doi:10.1016/j.cogdev.2018.02.003

A cross-sectional examination of response inhibition and working memory on the Stroop task

Natasha Duell, Grace Icenogle, Karol Silva, Jason Chein, Laurence Steinberg, Marie T. Banich, Laura Di Guinta, Kenneth A. Dodge, Kostas A. Fanti, Jennifer E. Lansford, Paul Oburu, Concetta Pastorelli, Ann T. Skinner, Emma Sorbring, Sombat Tapanya, Liliana Maria Uribe Tirado, Liane Peña Alampay, Suha M. Al-Hassan, Hanan M.S. Takash, Dario BacchiniLei Chang, Nandita Chaudhary

Global TIES for Children

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Abstract

The authors examined the association between working memory and response inhibition on the Stroop task using a cross-sectional, international sample of 5099 individuals (49.3% male) ages 10–30 (M = 17.04 years; SD = 5.9). Response inhibition was measured using a Stroop task that included “equal” and “unequal” blocks, during which the relative frequency of neutral and incongruent trials was manipulated. Competing stimuli in incongruent trials evinced inhibitory functioning, and having a lower proportion of incongruent trials (as in unequal blocks) placed higher demands on working memory. Results for accuracy indicated that age and working memory were independently associated with response inhibition. Age differences in response inhibition followed a curvilinear trajectory, with performance improving into early adulthood. Response inhibition was greatest among individuals with high working memory. For response time, age uniquely predicted response inhibition in unequal blocks. In equal blocks, age differences in response inhibition varied as a function of working memory, with age differences being least pronounced among individuals with high working memory. The implications of considering the association between response inhibition and working memory in the context of development are discussed.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	19-31
Number of pages	13
Journal	Cognitive Development
Volume	47
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2018.02.003
State	Published - Jul 2018

Keywords

Development
Response inhibition
Stroop
Working memory

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Developmental and Educational Psychology

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10.1016/j.cogdev.2018.02.003

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Duell, N., Icenogle, G., Silva, K., Chein, J., Steinberg, L., Banich, M. T., Di Guinta, L., Dodge, K. A., Fanti, K. A., Lansford, J. E., Oburu, P., Pastorelli, C., Skinner, A. T., Sorbring, E., Tapanya, S., Uribe Tirado, L. M., Alampay, L. P., Al-Hassan, S. M., Takash, H. M. S., ... Chaudhary, N. (2018). A cross-sectional examination of response inhibition and working memory on the Stroop task. Cognitive Development, 47, 19-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2018.02.003

Duell, N, Icenogle, G, Silva, K, Chein, J, Steinberg, L, Banich, MT, Di Guinta, L, Dodge, KA, Fanti, KA, Lansford, JE, Oburu, P, Pastorelli, C, Skinner, AT, Sorbring, E, Tapanya, S, Uribe Tirado, LM, Alampay, LP, Al-Hassan, SM, Takash, HMS, Bacchini, D, Chang, L & Chaudhary, N 2018, 'A cross-sectional examination of response inhibition and working memory on the Stroop task', Cognitive Development, vol. 47, pp. 19-31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogdev.2018.02.003

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title = "A cross-sectional examination of response inhibition and working memory on the Stroop task",

abstract = "The authors examined the association between working memory and response inhibition on the Stroop task using a cross-sectional, international sample of 5099 individuals (49.3% male) ages 10–30 (M = 17.04 years; SD = 5.9). Response inhibition was measured using a Stroop task that included “equal” and “unequal” blocks, during which the relative frequency of neutral and incongruent trials was manipulated. Competing stimuli in incongruent trials evinced inhibitory functioning, and having a lower proportion of incongruent trials (as in unequal blocks) placed higher demands on working memory. Results for accuracy indicated that age and working memory were independently associated with response inhibition. Age differences in response inhibition followed a curvilinear trajectory, with performance improving into early adulthood. Response inhibition was greatest among individuals with high working memory. For response time, age uniquely predicted response inhibition in unequal blocks. In equal blocks, age differences in response inhibition varied as a function of working memory, with age differences being least pronounced among individuals with high working memory. The implications of considering the association between response inhibition and working memory in the context of development are discussed.",

keywords = "Development, Response inhibition, Stroop, Working memory",

author = "Natasha Duell and Grace Icenogle and Karol Silva and Jason Chein and Laurence Steinberg and Banich, {Marie T.} and {Di Guinta}, Laura and Dodge, {Kenneth A.} and Fanti, {Kostas A.} and Lansford, {Jennifer E.} and Paul Oburu and Concetta Pastorelli and Skinner, {Ann T.} and Emma Sorbring and Sombat Tapanya and {Uribe Tirado}, {Liliana Maria} and Alampay, {Liane Pe{\~n}a} and Al-Hassan, {Suha M.} and Takash, {Hanan M.S.} and Dario Bacchini and Lei Chang and Nandita Chaudhary",

note = "Funding Information: ☆This research was supported by an award to Laurence Steinberg from the Klaus J. Jacobs Foundation and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development grant RO1-HD054805. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Elsevier Inc.",

year = "2018",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1016/j.cogdev.2018.02.003",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "47",

pages = "19--31",

journal = "Cognitive Development",

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T1 - A cross-sectional examination of response inhibition and working memory on the Stroop task

AU - Duell, Natasha

AU - Icenogle, Grace

AU - Silva, Karol

AU - Chein, Jason

AU - Steinberg, Laurence

AU - Banich, Marie T.

AU - Di Guinta, Laura

AU - Dodge, Kenneth A.

AU - Fanti, Kostas A.

AU - Lansford, Jennifer E.

AU - Oburu, Paul

AU - Pastorelli, Concetta

AU - Skinner, Ann T.

AU - Sorbring, Emma

AU - Tapanya, Sombat

AU - Uribe Tirado, Liliana Maria

AU - Alampay, Liane Peña

AU - Al-Hassan, Suha M.

AU - Takash, Hanan M.S.

AU - Bacchini, Dario

AU - Chang, Lei

AU - Chaudhary, Nandita

N1 - Funding Information: ☆This research was supported by an award to Laurence Steinberg from the Klaus J. Jacobs Foundation and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development grant RO1-HD054805. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Elsevier Inc.

PY - 2018/7

Y1 - 2018/7

N2 - The authors examined the association between working memory and response inhibition on the Stroop task using a cross-sectional, international sample of 5099 individuals (49.3% male) ages 10–30 (M = 17.04 years; SD = 5.9). Response inhibition was measured using a Stroop task that included “equal” and “unequal” blocks, during which the relative frequency of neutral and incongruent trials was manipulated. Competing stimuli in incongruent trials evinced inhibitory functioning, and having a lower proportion of incongruent trials (as in unequal blocks) placed higher demands on working memory. Results for accuracy indicated that age and working memory were independently associated with response inhibition. Age differences in response inhibition followed a curvilinear trajectory, with performance improving into early adulthood. Response inhibition was greatest among individuals with high working memory. For response time, age uniquely predicted response inhibition in unequal blocks. In equal blocks, age differences in response inhibition varied as a function of working memory, with age differences being least pronounced among individuals with high working memory. The implications of considering the association between response inhibition and working memory in the context of development are discussed.

AB - The authors examined the association between working memory and response inhibition on the Stroop task using a cross-sectional, international sample of 5099 individuals (49.3% male) ages 10–30 (M = 17.04 years; SD = 5.9). Response inhibition was measured using a Stroop task that included “equal” and “unequal” blocks, during which the relative frequency of neutral and incongruent trials was manipulated. Competing stimuli in incongruent trials evinced inhibitory functioning, and having a lower proportion of incongruent trials (as in unequal blocks) placed higher demands on working memory. Results for accuracy indicated that age and working memory were independently associated with response inhibition. Age differences in response inhibition followed a curvilinear trajectory, with performance improving into early adulthood. Response inhibition was greatest among individuals with high working memory. For response time, age uniquely predicted response inhibition in unequal blocks. In equal blocks, age differences in response inhibition varied as a function of working memory, with age differences being least pronounced among individuals with high working memory. The implications of considering the association between response inhibition and working memory in the context of development are discussed.

KW - Development

KW - Response inhibition

KW - Stroop

KW - Working memory

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VL - 47

SP - 19

EP - 31

JO - Cognitive Development

JF - Cognitive Development

ER -

A cross-sectional examination of response inhibition and working memory on the Stroop task

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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