TY - JOUR
T1 - A holistic approach to addressing HIV infection disparities in gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men
AU - Halkitis, Perry N.
AU - Wolitski, Richard J.
AU - Millett, Gregorio A.
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) have been disproportionately affected by HIV and AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic in the United States and in many other parts of the world. The HIV epidemic is inextricably tied to other health problems that disproportionately affect gay, bisexual, and other MSM including psychological comorbidities, substance use, sexual victimization, stigmatization, and multiple forms of discrimination. These interrelated health problems and social issues can be characterized as a syndemic of mutually reinforcing conditions or epidemics. Moreover, the syndemic is directed by biological, behavioral, psychosocial, and structural determinants. Addressing HIV within the context of a larger syndemic will require a more holistic approach to HIV prevention and treatment that recognizes the interplay between biological, behavioral, psychosocial, and structural factors that affect the health and well-being of sexual minority men.
AB - Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) have been disproportionately affected by HIV and AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic in the United States and in many other parts of the world. The HIV epidemic is inextricably tied to other health problems that disproportionately affect gay, bisexual, and other MSM including psychological comorbidities, substance use, sexual victimization, stigmatization, and multiple forms of discrimination. These interrelated health problems and social issues can be characterized as a syndemic of mutually reinforcing conditions or epidemics. Moreover, the syndemic is directed by biological, behavioral, psychosocial, and structural determinants. Addressing HIV within the context of a larger syndemic will require a more holistic approach to HIV prevention and treatment that recognizes the interplay between biological, behavioral, psychosocial, and structural factors that affect the health and well-being of sexual minority men.
KW - Biopsychosocial
KW - Gay and bisexual men
KW - HIV/AIDS
KW - Health disparity
KW - Syndemics
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U2 - 10.1037/a0032746
DO - 10.1037/a0032746
M3 - Article
C2 - 23688093
AN - SCOPUS:84881261723
SN - 0003-066X
VL - 68
SP - 261
EP - 273
JO - American Psychologist
JF - American Psychologist
IS - 4
ER -