@article{9245f222bf854c88bf91e226fddfb4da,
title = "A Measure of Added Value in Groups",
abstract = "The intuitive notion of added value in groups represents a fundamental property of biological, physical, and economic systems: how the interaction or cooperation of multiple entities, substances, or other agents can produce synergistic effects. However, despite the ubiquity of group formation, a well-founded measure of added value has remained elusive. Here, we propose such a measure inspired by the Shapley value-a fundamental solution concept from Cooperative Game Theory. To this end, we start by developing a solution concept that measures the average impact of each player in a coalitional game and show how this measure uniquely satisfies a set of intuitive properties. Then, building upon our solution concept, we propose a measure of added value that not only analyzes the interactions of players inside their group, but also outside it, thereby reflecting otherwise-hidden information about how these individuals typically perform in various groups of the population.",
author = "AlShebli, {Bedoor K.} and Michalak, {Tomasz P.} and Oskar Skibski and Michael Woodridge and Talal Rahwan and Bedoor AlShebli",
note = "Funding Information: T. P. Michalak and M. Wooldridge were supported by the European Research Council under Advanced Grant 291528 (“RACE”). This work was also supported by the Polish National Science Centre grant DEC-2013/09/D/ST6/03920. Authors{\textquoteright} addresses: B. K. Alshebli and T. Rahwan, Computer Science, New York University, Abu Dhabi, Social Science Building (A5), New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, P.O. Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; emails: {bedoor, tr72}@nyu.edu; T. P. Michalak and O. Skibski, Institute of Informatics, University of Warsaw, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics, and Mechanics, ul. Banacha 2, Warsaw 02-097, Poland; emails: {tpm, oskar.skibski}@mimuw.edu.pl; M. Wooldridge, Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Computer Science Department, University of Oxford, 15 Parks Road, OX1 3QD, UK; email: michael.wooldridge@cs.ox.ac.uk. Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from permissions@acm.org. {\textcopyright} 2019 Association for Computing Machinery. 1556-4665/2019/07-ART18 $15.00 https://doi.org/10.1145/3335547 Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Association for Computing Machinery.",
year = "2019",
month = jul,
language = "English (US)",
volume = "13",
journal = "ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems",
issn = "1556-4665",
publisher = "Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)",
number = "4",
}