A perfect storm: Crack cocaine, HSV-2, and HIV among non-injecting drug users in New York City

Don C. Des Jarlais; Courtney McKnight; Kamyar Arasteh; Jonathan Feelemyer; David C. Perlman; Holly Hagan; Emily F. Dauria; Hannah L.F. Cooper

doi:10.3109/10826084.2014.880176

A perfect storm: Crack cocaine, HSV-2, and HIV among non-injecting drug users in New York City

Don C. Des Jarlais, Courtney McKnight, Kamyar Arasteh, Jonathan Feelemyer, David C. Perlman, Holly Hagan, Emily F. Dauria, Hannah L.F. Cooper

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has reached 16% among non-injecting drug users (NIDU) in New York City, an unusually high prevalence for a predominantly heterosexual population that does not inject drugs. Using a long-term study (1983-2011, >7,000 subjects) among persons entering the Beth Israel drug-treatment programs in New York City, we identified factors that contributed to this high prevalence: a preexisting HIV epidemic among injectors, a crack cocaine epidemic, mixing between injectors and crack users, policy responses not centered on public health, and herpes-simplex virus 2 facilitating HIV transmission. Implications for avoiding high prevalence among NIDU in other areas are discussed.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	783-792
Number of pages	10
Journal	Substance Use and Misuse
Volume	49
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2014.880176
State	Published - Jun 2014

Keywords

Crack cocaine
HIV
HSV-2
Non-injecting drug users

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Medicine (miscellaneous)
Health(social science)
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Psychiatry and Mental health

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10.3109/10826084.2014.880176

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title = "A perfect storm: Crack cocaine, HSV-2, and HIV among non-injecting drug users in New York City",

abstract = "Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has reached 16% among non-injecting drug users (NIDU) in New York City, an unusually high prevalence for a predominantly heterosexual population that does not inject drugs. Using a long-term study (1983-2011, >7,000 subjects) among persons entering the Beth Israel drug-treatment programs in New York City, we identified factors that contributed to this high prevalence: a preexisting HIV epidemic among injectors, a crack cocaine epidemic, mixing between injectors and crack users, policy responses not centered on public health, and herpes-simplex virus 2 facilitating HIV transmission. Implications for avoiding high prevalence among NIDU in other areas are discussed.",

keywords = "Crack cocaine, HIV, HSV-2, Non-injecting drug users",

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note = "Funding Information: This study was financially supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through the NIH Grant no. 5 R01 DA 03574.",

year = "2014",

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doi = "10.3109/10826084.2014.880176",

language = "English (US)",

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AU - Des Jarlais, Don C.

AU - McKnight, Courtney

AU - Arasteh, Kamyar

AU - Feelemyer, Jonathan

AU - Perlman, David C.

AU - Hagan, Holly

AU - Dauria, Emily F.

AU - Cooper, Hannah L.F.

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AB - Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has reached 16% among non-injecting drug users (NIDU) in New York City, an unusually high prevalence for a predominantly heterosexual population that does not inject drugs. Using a long-term study (1983-2011, >7,000 subjects) among persons entering the Beth Israel drug-treatment programs in New York City, we identified factors that contributed to this high prevalence: a preexisting HIV epidemic among injectors, a crack cocaine epidemic, mixing between injectors and crack users, policy responses not centered on public health, and herpes-simplex virus 2 facilitating HIV transmission. Implications for avoiding high prevalence among NIDU in other areas are discussed.

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KW - HSV-2

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A perfect storm: Crack cocaine, HSV-2, and HIV among non-injecting drug users in New York City

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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