A Project ECHO and Community Health Worker Intervention for Patients with Diabetes

Saul Blecker, Margaret M. Paul, Simon Jones, John Billings, Matthew F. Bouchonville, Brant Hager, Sanjeev Arora, Carolyn A. Berry

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: Both community health workers and the Project ECHO model of specialist telementoring are innovative approaches to support primary care providers in the care of complex patients with diabetes. We studied the effect of an intervention that combined these 2 approaches on glycemic control. Methods: Patients with diabetes were recruited from 10 federally qualified health centers in New Mexico. We used electronic health record (EHR) data to compare HbA1c levels prior to intervention enrollment with HbA1c levels after 3 months (early follow-up) and 12 months (late follow-up) following enrollment. We propensity matched intervention patients to comparison patients from other sites within the same electronic health records databases to estimate the average treatment effect. Results: Among 557 intervention patients with HbA1c data, mean HbA1c decreased from 10.5% to 9.3% in the pre- versus postintervention periods (P < .001). As compared to the comparison group, the intervention was associated with a change in HbA1c of −0.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] −0.4%-0.5%) and −0.3 (95% CI −0.5–0.0) in the early and late follow-up cohorts, respectively. The intervention was associated with a significant increase in percentage of patients with HbA1c <8% in the late follow-up cohort (8.1%, 95% CI 2.2%−13.9%) but not the early follow-up cohort (3.6%, 95% CI −1.5% to 8.7%) Discussion: The intervention was associated with a substantial decrease in HbA1c in intervention patients, although this improvement was not different from matched comparison patients in early follow-up. Although combining community health workers with Project ECHO may hold promise for improving glycemic control, particularly in the longer term, further evaluations are needed.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)e95-e103
JournalAmerican Journal of Medicine
Volume135
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - May 2022

Keywords

  • Community Health Workers
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
  • Diabetes Mellitus/therapy
  • Electronic Health Records
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis
  • Glycemic Control
  • Humans

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