A reciprocal relationship between reliability and responsiveness in developing visual cortical neurons

As the visual cortex matures, developmental modifications change the visually evoked firing patterns of single neurons. To explore the relationship between these developmental changes and the fidelity with which neurons transmit information, we measured the reliability of neuronal responses during postnatal development. Infant neurons have lower variability and higher dependence of transmitted information on firing rate than adult cells. Fewer spikes are needed by the infant cortex to convey the same amount of information. The increase in firing rates that occurs during development is largely offset, therefore, by a decrease in the reliability of responses. We propose that these changes are a consequence of the increasing ability of cortical cells to encode rapid changes in the visual environment.