TY - JOUR
T1 - A Wide-Bandwidth Ultrasound Receiver and On-Chip Ultrasound Transmitter for Ultrasound Capsule Endoscopy
AU - Jeong, Kyeongwon
AU - Yun, Gichan
AU - Choi, Jaesuk
AU - Choi, Injun
AU - Son, Jeehoon
AU - Hwang, Jae Youn
AU - Ha, Sohmyung
AU - Je, Minkyu
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 1966-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2023/10/1
Y1 - 2023/10/1
N2 - This article presents an ultrasound (US) transceiver IC including a highly power-efficient US receiver (RX) and a high-voltage (HV) US transmitter (TX) for US capsule endoscopy (USCE) systems for the first time. The proposed USCE system employs the developed IC, a single-element piezoelectric transducer (PZT), and a mechanically rotating reflector to obtain 360° transmural scans while traveling through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Since the USCE system operates with a tiny battery, power efficiency is greatly important. To reduce power consumption by decreasing the required operating speed of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), we propose a new RX structure employing synchronized analog envelope detection. It is unlike conventional US RX ICs that necessitate power-hungry high-speed ADCs to acquire the US signal residing at a high center frequency with wide bandwidth. Instead, the proposed work employs an analog envelope detector based on a quadrature demodulation method. As a result, it uses only a single circuit path rather than two (I and Q) paths by using a demodulation carrier whose phase is synchronized with the incoming US signal. A ping-pong noise-shaping (NS) SAR ADC is adopted to improve resolution while maintaining low power consumption. Besides, the TX IC, including an on-chip charge pump, is designed to generate HV pulses to drive the PZT. The prototype IC is fabricated in a 0.18 μm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) process. The RX consumes 2.3 mW, and the ADC achieves a 53.71 dB SNDR and a 66.45 dB SFDR. The TX generates 25 V pulses with 25 ns pulsewidth. US B-mode images of a water tank and a custom phantom are successfully obtained by using the prototype capsule endoscopy system employing the fabricated IC chip.
AB - This article presents an ultrasound (US) transceiver IC including a highly power-efficient US receiver (RX) and a high-voltage (HV) US transmitter (TX) for US capsule endoscopy (USCE) systems for the first time. The proposed USCE system employs the developed IC, a single-element piezoelectric transducer (PZT), and a mechanically rotating reflector to obtain 360° transmural scans while traveling through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Since the USCE system operates with a tiny battery, power efficiency is greatly important. To reduce power consumption by decreasing the required operating speed of the analog-to-digital converter (ADC), we propose a new RX structure employing synchronized analog envelope detection. It is unlike conventional US RX ICs that necessitate power-hungry high-speed ADCs to acquire the US signal residing at a high center frequency with wide bandwidth. Instead, the proposed work employs an analog envelope detector based on a quadrature demodulation method. As a result, it uses only a single circuit path rather than two (I and Q) paths by using a demodulation carrier whose phase is synchronized with the incoming US signal. A ping-pong noise-shaping (NS) SAR ADC is adopted to improve resolution while maintaining low power consumption. Besides, the TX IC, including an on-chip charge pump, is designed to generate HV pulses to drive the PZT. The prototype IC is fabricated in a 0.18 μm bipolar-CMOS-DMOS (BCD) process. The RX consumes 2.3 mW, and the ADC achieves a 53.71 dB SNDR and a 66.45 dB SFDR. The TX generates 25 V pulses with 25 ns pulsewidth. US B-mode images of a water tank and a custom phantom are successfully obtained by using the prototype capsule endoscopy system employing the fabricated IC chip.
KW - Analog front-end
KW - US receiver (RX)
KW - US transmitter (TX)
KW - piezoelectric transducer (PZT)
KW - synchronized analog envelop detector
KW - ultrasound (US) capsule endoscopy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85161001093&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85161001093&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JSSC.2023.3276130
DO - 10.1109/JSSC.2023.3276130
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85161001093
SN - 0018-9200
VL - 58
SP - 2778
EP - 2789
JO - IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
JF - IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
IS - 10
ER -