TY - JOUR
T1 - Assessing the Health and Economic Impact of a Potential Menthol Cigarette Ban in New York City
T2 - a Modeling Study
AU - Li, Yan
AU - Sisti, Julia
AU - Flórez, Karen R.
AU - Albrecht, Sandra S.
AU - Viswanath, Anita
AU - Davila, Marivel
AU - Cantrell, Jennifer
AU - Brahmbhatt, Diksha
AU - Thompson, Azure B.
AU - Jasek, John
AU - Chambers, Earle C.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was conducted through the Marginalized Populations Health Data for New York City (HD4NYC) Working Group. HD4NYC, funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and led by the New York Academy of Medicine and the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, is a multi-institutional research platform that seeks to advance health equity by producing actionable, policy-relevant research and promoting the careers of academic and applied public health researchers. This study was also partially supported by a grant from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (R01HL141427). The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
Funding Information:
This study was conducted through the Marginalized Populations Health Data for New?York City (HD4NYC) Working Group. HD4NYC, funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation?and led by the New York Academy of Medicine and the New York City Department of Health and?Mental Hygiene, is a multi-institutional research platform that seeks to advance health equity by?producing actionable, policy-relevant research and promoting the careers of academic and applied?public health researchers. This study was also partially supported by a grant from the National Heart,?Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (R01HL141427). The contents of this?article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of?the NIH.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - Menthol in cigarettes increases nicotine dependence and decreases the chances of successful smoking cessation. In New York City (NYC), nearly half of current smokers usually smoke menthol cigarettes. Female and non-Latino Black individuals were more likely to smoke menthol-flavored cigarettes compared to males and other races and ethnicities. Although the US Food and Drug Administration recently announced that it will ban menthol cigarettes, it is unclear how the policy would affect population health and health disparities in NYC. To inform potential policymaking, we used a microsimulation model of cardiovascular disease (CVD) to project the long-term health and economic impact of a potential menthol ban in NYC. Our model projected that there could be 57,232 (95% CI: 51,967–62,497) myocardial infarction (MI) cases and 52,195 (95% CI: 47,446–56,945) stroke cases per 1 million adult smokers in NYC over a 20-year period without the menthol ban policy. With the menthol ban policy, 2,862 MI cases and 1,983 stroke cases per 1 million adults could be averted over a 20-year period. The model also projected that an average of $1,836 in healthcare costs per person, or $1.62 billion among all adult smokers, could be saved over a 20-year period due to the implementation of a menthol ban policy. Results from subgroup analyses showed that women, particularly Black women, would have more reductions in adverse CVD outcomes from the potential implementation of the menthol ban policy compared to males and other racial and ethnic subgroups, which implies that the policy could reduce sex and racial and ethnic CVD disparities. Findings from our study provide policymakers with evidence to support policies that limit access to menthol cigarettes and potentially address racial and ethnic disparities in smoking-related disease burden.
AB - Menthol in cigarettes increases nicotine dependence and decreases the chances of successful smoking cessation. In New York City (NYC), nearly half of current smokers usually smoke menthol cigarettes. Female and non-Latino Black individuals were more likely to smoke menthol-flavored cigarettes compared to males and other races and ethnicities. Although the US Food and Drug Administration recently announced that it will ban menthol cigarettes, it is unclear how the policy would affect population health and health disparities in NYC. To inform potential policymaking, we used a microsimulation model of cardiovascular disease (CVD) to project the long-term health and economic impact of a potential menthol ban in NYC. Our model projected that there could be 57,232 (95% CI: 51,967–62,497) myocardial infarction (MI) cases and 52,195 (95% CI: 47,446–56,945) stroke cases per 1 million adult smokers in NYC over a 20-year period without the menthol ban policy. With the menthol ban policy, 2,862 MI cases and 1,983 stroke cases per 1 million adults could be averted over a 20-year period. The model also projected that an average of $1,836 in healthcare costs per person, or $1.62 billion among all adult smokers, could be saved over a 20-year period due to the implementation of a menthol ban policy. Results from subgroup analyses showed that women, particularly Black women, would have more reductions in adverse CVD outcomes from the potential implementation of the menthol ban policy compared to males and other racial and ethnic subgroups, which implies that the policy could reduce sex and racial and ethnic CVD disparities. Findings from our study provide policymakers with evidence to support policies that limit access to menthol cigarettes and potentially address racial and ethnic disparities in smoking-related disease burden.
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Health disparity
KW - Tobacco control
KW - Urban health
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U2 - 10.1007/s11524-021-00581-8
DO - 10.1007/s11524-021-00581-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 34751902
AN - SCOPUS:85118663035
SN - 1099-3460
VL - 98
SP - 742
EP - 751
JO - Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
JF - Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine
IS - 6
ER -