Abstract
Objective: To assess the feasibility of remotely training glaucoma patients to take a 10-session clustered virtual reality (VR) visual field (VF) test (Vivid Vision Perimetry [VVP-10]) at home, analyze results for test-retest variability, and assess correspondence with conventional perimetry. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: Twenty-one subjects with glaucoma were enrolled and included in the feasibility assessment of remote training. Thirty-six eyes were used for test-retest analysis and determination of concordance with the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA). Methods: Subjects were provided with a mobile VR headset containing the VVP-10 test software and trained remotely via video conferencing. Subjects were instructed to complete 10 sessions over a 14-day period. Main Outcome Measures: Feasibility was determined by the number of subjects who were able to independently complete VVP-10 over the 14-day period after 1 remote training session. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for average fraction seen across 10 sessions and the standard error (SE) of the mean were primary outcome measures for assessing test-retest variability. Correlation with HFA mean sensitivity (MS) across eyes, was a secondary outcome measure. Results: Twenty subjects (95%) successfully completed the VVP-10 test series after 1 training session. The ICC for VVP-10 was 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92–0.97). The mean SE in units of fraction seen was 0.012. The Spearman correlations between VVP-10 average fraction seen and HFA MS were 0.87 (95% CI, 0.66–0.98) for moderate-to-advanced glaucoma eyes, and decreased to 0.67 (95% CI, 0.28–0.94) when all eyes were included. Conclusions: Remote training of patients at home is feasible, and subsequent remote clustered VF testing using VVP-10 by patients on their own, without any further interactions with caregivers or study staff, was possible. At-home VVP-10 results demonstrated low test-retest variability. Future studies must be conducted to determine if VVP-10, taken at home as convenient for the patient, may be a viable supplement to provide equivalent or complementary results to that of standard in-clinic assessment of visual function in glaucoma. Financial Disclosure(s): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Pages (from-to) | 139-147 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Ophthalmology Glaucoma |
Volume | 7 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Mar 1 2024 |
Keywords
- Clustered visual field testing
- Feasibility
- Glaucoma
- Remote training
- Virtual reality
- Visual field testing
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Ophthalmology