Assessments of residential and global positioning system activity space for food environments, body mass index and blood pressure among low-income housing residents in New York City

Kosuke Tamura, Brian Elbel, Jessica K. Athens, Pasquale E. Rummo, Basile Chaix, Seann D. Regan, Yazan A. Al-Ajlouni, Dustin T. Duncan

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Research has examined how the food environment affects the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Many studies have focused on residential neighbourhoods, neglecting the activity spaces of individuals. The objective of this study was to investigate whether food environments in both residential and global positioning system (GPS)-defined activity space buffers are associated with body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) among low-income adults. Data came from the New York City Low Income Housing, Neighborhoods and Health Study, including BMI and BP data (n=102, age=39.3±14.1 years), and one week of GPS data. Five food environment variables around residential and GPS buffers included: Fast-food restaurants, wait-service restaurants, corner stores, grocery stores, and supermarkets. We examined associations between food environments and BMI, systolic and diastolic BP, controlling for individual- and neighbourhood-level sociodemographics and population density. Within residential buffers, a higher grocery store density was associated with lower BMI (β=- 0.20 kg/m2, P<0.05), and systolic and diastolic BP (β =-1.16 mm Hg; and β=-1.02 mm Hg, P<0.01, respectively). In contrast, a higher supermarket density was associated with higher systolic and diastolic BP (β=1.74 mm Hg, P<0.05; and β=1.68, P<0.01, respectively) within residential buffers. In GPS neighbourhoods, no associations were documented. Examining how food environments are associated with CVD risk and how differences in relationships vary by buffer types have the potential to shed light on determinants of CVD risk. Further research is needed to investigate these relationships, including refined measures of spatial accessibility/exposure, considering individual’s mobility.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number712
Pages (from-to)298-307
Number of pages10
JournalGeospatial Health
Volume13
Issue number2
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 13 2018

Keywords

  • Geographic information systems
  • Global positioning systems
  • Health disparities
  • Low-income housing residents
  • Neighbourhood food environment

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Medicine (miscellaneous)
  • Health(social science)
  • Geography, Planning and Development
  • Health Policy

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