Biological effects of growth hormone on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

Archana Vijayakumar; Ruslan Novosyadlyy; Ying Jie Wu; Shoshana Yakar; Derek LeRoith

doi:10.1016/j.ghir.2009.09.002

Biological effects of growth hormone on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

Archana Vijayakumar, Ruslan Novosyadlyy, Ying Jie Wu, Shoshana Yakar, Derek LeRoith

Molecular Pathobiology

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Abstract

This review will summarize the metabolic effects of growth hormone (GH) on the adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle with focus on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The metabolic effects of GH predominantly involve the stimulation of lipolysis in the adipose tissue resulting in an increased flux of free fatty acids (FFAs) into the circulation. In the muscle and liver, GH stimulates triglyceride (TG) uptake, by enhancing lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression, and its subsequent storage. The effects of GH on carbohydrate metabolism are more complicated and may be mediated indirectly via the antagonism of insulin action. Furthermore, GH has a net anabolic effect on protein metabolism although the molecular mechanisms of its actions are not completely understood. The major questions that still remain to be answered are (i) What are the molecular mechanisms by which GH regulates substrate metabolism? (ii) Does GH affect substrate metabolism directly or indirectly via IGF-1 or antagonism of insulin action?

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	1-7
Number of pages	7
Journal	Growth Hormone and IGF Research
Volume	20
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ghir.2009.09.002
State	Published - Feb 2010

Keywords

Carbohydrate
GH
Insulin resistance
Lipids
Metabolism

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Endocrinology

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10.1016/j.ghir.2009.09.002

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title = "Biological effects of growth hormone on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism",

abstract = "This review will summarize the metabolic effects of growth hormone (GH) on the adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle with focus on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The metabolic effects of GH predominantly involve the stimulation of lipolysis in the adipose tissue resulting in an increased flux of free fatty acids (FFAs) into the circulation. In the muscle and liver, GH stimulates triglyceride (TG) uptake, by enhancing lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression, and its subsequent storage. The effects of GH on carbohydrate metabolism are more complicated and may be mediated indirectly via the antagonism of insulin action. Furthermore, GH has a net anabolic effect on protein metabolism although the molecular mechanisms of its actions are not completely understood. The major questions that still remain to be answered are (i) What are the molecular mechanisms by which GH regulates substrate metabolism? (ii) Does GH affect substrate metabolism directly or indirectly via IGF-1 or antagonism of insulin action?",

keywords = "Carbohydrate, GH, Insulin resistance, Lipids, Metabolism",

author = "Archana Vijayakumar and Ruslan Novosyadlyy and Wu, {Ying Jie} and Shoshana Yakar and Derek LeRoith",

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AU - Vijayakumar, Archana

AU - Novosyadlyy, Ruslan

AU - Wu, Ying Jie

AU - Yakar, Shoshana

AU - LeRoith, Derek

PY - 2010/2

Y1 - 2010/2

N2 - This review will summarize the metabolic effects of growth hormone (GH) on the adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle with focus on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The metabolic effects of GH predominantly involve the stimulation of lipolysis in the adipose tissue resulting in an increased flux of free fatty acids (FFAs) into the circulation. In the muscle and liver, GH stimulates triglyceride (TG) uptake, by enhancing lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression, and its subsequent storage. The effects of GH on carbohydrate metabolism are more complicated and may be mediated indirectly via the antagonism of insulin action. Furthermore, GH has a net anabolic effect on protein metabolism although the molecular mechanisms of its actions are not completely understood. The major questions that still remain to be answered are (i) What are the molecular mechanisms by which GH regulates substrate metabolism? (ii) Does GH affect substrate metabolism directly or indirectly via IGF-1 or antagonism of insulin action?

AB - This review will summarize the metabolic effects of growth hormone (GH) on the adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle with focus on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The metabolic effects of GH predominantly involve the stimulation of lipolysis in the adipose tissue resulting in an increased flux of free fatty acids (FFAs) into the circulation. In the muscle and liver, GH stimulates triglyceride (TG) uptake, by enhancing lipoprotein lipase (LPL) expression, and its subsequent storage. The effects of GH on carbohydrate metabolism are more complicated and may be mediated indirectly via the antagonism of insulin action. Furthermore, GH has a net anabolic effect on protein metabolism although the molecular mechanisms of its actions are not completely understood. The major questions that still remain to be answered are (i) What are the molecular mechanisms by which GH regulates substrate metabolism? (ii) Does GH affect substrate metabolism directly or indirectly via IGF-1 or antagonism of insulin action?

KW - Carbohydrate

KW - GH

KW - Insulin resistance

KW - Lipids

KW - Metabolism

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Biological effects of growth hormone on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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