TY - JOUR
T1 - Biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress among adult former smoker, current e-cigarette users—results from wave 1 PATH study
AU - Christensen, Carol H.
AU - Chang, Joanne T.
AU - Rostron, Brian L.
AU - Hammad, Hoda T.
AU - van Bemmel, Dana M.
AU - Del Valle-Pinero, Arseima Y.
AU - Wang, Baoguang
AU - Mishina, Elena V.
AU - Faulcon, Lisa M.
AU - DePina, Ana
AU - Brown-Baker, La Nissa
AU - Kimmel, Heather L.
AU - Lambert, Elizabeth
AU - Blount, Benjamin C.
AU - Vesper, Huber W.
AU - Wang, Lanqing
AU - Goniewicz, Maciej L.
AU - Hyland, Andrew
AU - Travers, Mark J.
AU - Hatsukami, Dorothy K.
AU - Niaura, Raymond
AU - Cummings, K. Michael
AU - Taylor, Kristie A.
AU - Edwards, Kathryn C.
AU - Borek, Nicolette
AU - Ambrose, Bridget K.
AU - Chang, Cindy M.
N1 - Funding Information:
M.L. Goniewicz has received a research grant from Pfizer and served as a member of a scientific advisory board to Johnson & Johnson.
Funding Information:
This article is supported with Federal funds from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, and the Center for Tobacco Products, Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract to Westat (Contract Nos. HHSN271201100027C and HHSN271201600001C) and GenWay Biotech Inc. (Contract No. HHSF223201510013C), and through an interagency agreement between the FDA Center for Tobacco Products and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Funding Information:
M.L. Goniewicz reports grants from National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), NIH, and the Center for Tobacco Products, FDA, Department of Health and Human Services during the conduct of the study; grants from Pfizer and personal fees from Johnson & Johnson outside the submitted work. A. Hyland reports other support from NIDA during the conduct of the study. M.J. Travers reports grants from Westat during the conduct of the study. K.M. Cummings reports grants and personal fees from Westat during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Pfizer outside the submitted work; and has received payment as an expert witness on the health effects of smoking and tobacco industry tactics in lawsuits filed against the cigarette industry. K.A. Taylor reports other support from NIDA during the conduct of the study. K.C. Edwards reports other support from NIDA during the conduct of the study. No disclosures were reported by the other authors.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Association for Cancer Research
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - Background: Former smokers who currently use e-cigarettes have lower concentrations of biomarkers of tobacco toxicant exposure than current smokers. It is unclear whether tobacco toxicant exposure reductions may lead to health risk reductions. Methods: We compared inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL6, fibrinogen, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and an oxidative stress marker (F2-isoprostane) among 3,712 adult participants in Wave 1 (2013–2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study by tobacco user groups: dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes; former smokers who currently use e-cigarettes-only; current cigarette-only smokers; former smokers who do not currently use any tobacco; and never tobacco users. We calculated geometric means (GM) and estimated adjusted GM ratios (GMR). Results: Dual users experienced greater concentration of F2-isoprostane than current cigarette-only smokers [GMR 1.09 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.03–1.15)]. Biomarkers were similar between former smokers who currently use e-cigarettes and both former smokers who do not use any tobacco and never tobacco users, but among these groups most biomarkers were lower than those of current cigarette-only smokers. The concentration of F2-isoprostane decreased by time since smoking cessation among both exclusive e-cigarette users (Ptrend ¼ 0.03) and former smokers who do not currently use any tobacco (Ptrend ¼ 0.0001). Conclusions: Dual users have greater concentration of F2-isoprostane than smokers. Exclusive e-cigarette users have biomarker concentrations that are similar to those of former smokers who do not currently use tobacco, and lower than those of exclusive cigarette smokers. Impact: This study contributes to an understanding of the health effects of e-cigarettes.
AB - Background: Former smokers who currently use e-cigarettes have lower concentrations of biomarkers of tobacco toxicant exposure than current smokers. It is unclear whether tobacco toxicant exposure reductions may lead to health risk reductions. Methods: We compared inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IL6, fibrinogen, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1) and an oxidative stress marker (F2-isoprostane) among 3,712 adult participants in Wave 1 (2013–2014) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study by tobacco user groups: dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes; former smokers who currently use e-cigarettes-only; current cigarette-only smokers; former smokers who do not currently use any tobacco; and never tobacco users. We calculated geometric means (GM) and estimated adjusted GM ratios (GMR). Results: Dual users experienced greater concentration of F2-isoprostane than current cigarette-only smokers [GMR 1.09 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.03–1.15)]. Biomarkers were similar between former smokers who currently use e-cigarettes and both former smokers who do not use any tobacco and never tobacco users, but among these groups most biomarkers were lower than those of current cigarette-only smokers. The concentration of F2-isoprostane decreased by time since smoking cessation among both exclusive e-cigarette users (Ptrend ¼ 0.03) and former smokers who do not currently use any tobacco (Ptrend ¼ 0.0001). Conclusions: Dual users have greater concentration of F2-isoprostane than smokers. Exclusive e-cigarette users have biomarker concentrations that are similar to those of former smokers who do not currently use tobacco, and lower than those of exclusive cigarette smokers. Impact: This study contributes to an understanding of the health effects of e-cigarettes.
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U2 - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0140
DO - 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-0140
M3 - Article
C2 - 34289969
AN - SCOPUS:85116980817
SN - 1055-9965
VL - 30
SP - 1947
EP - 1955
JO - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
JF - Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention
IS - 10
ER -