BOLOMETERS AS PARTICLE SPECTROMETERS.

A spectrometer based on low-temperature calorimetry has been under development since 1983. The present detector, capable of recording individual alpha and beta particles and X-ray photons, is based on a composite diamond-germanium bolometer. The advantage of a composite bolometer is that it separates the absorption and detection functions. Diamond, as an absorber, is of particular advantage because of its low heat capacity and high thermal diffusivity. The goal is a theoretical energy resolution of a few eV at 0. 1 degree K. The initial experiments at 1. 3 degree K and 0. 9 degree K, which give resolutions in the keV range, are still noise limited. High-resolution applications, such as in X-ray astronomy, nuclear physics, and, in particular, neutrino mass measurements, are foreseen.