@article{9854a01833fb49a398eb2d6b2fc63bae,
title = "Coal and the European Industrial Revolution",
abstract = "To what extent did growth during the Industrial Revolution depend on coal? We answer the question using a panel of European city sizes between 1300 and 1900. Prior to 1750, there was no relationship between proximity to coalfields and growth; after 1750 cities closer to coalfields grew substantially faster than those further away. We instrument for coal proximity using proximity to Carboniferous-era rock strata.",
author = "Alan Fernihough and O'Rourke, {Kevin Hjortsh{\o}j}",
note = "Funding Information: This research has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013), ERC grant agreement no. 249546. We are grateful to Bob Allen, Kristine Asch, Michael Athanson, Nick Crafts, James Fenske, Morgan Kelly, Alexander Mirko M{\"u}ller, Cormac {\'O} Gr{\'a}da and Colin Waters for useful comments, advice and help with data. We are also grateful to seminar and conference participants at the University of Southern Denmark, Nottingham, Oxford, Queen's University of Belfast, the 9th BETA Workshop in Historical Economics at the University of Strasbourg, the University of Warwick Summer School on Economic Growth 2013, and a conference in honour of Karl Gunnar Persson held at the University of Copenhagen. We dedicate this paper to his memory.We especially thank our editor, Joachim Voth, and an anonymous referee for their very helpful comments. The usual disclaimer applies. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Royal Economic Society.",
year = "2021",
month = apr,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/ej/ueaa117",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "131",
pages = "1135--1149",
journal = "Economic Journal",
issn = "0013-0133",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "635",
}