TY - JOUR
T1 - Computational Fluid Dynamics Assessment of the Effect of Bioprinting Parameters in Extrusion Bioprinting
AU - Chand, Rashik
AU - Muhire, Beni Shimwa
AU - Vijayavenkataraman, Sanjairaj
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022. Author(s). This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. All Rights Reserved.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Wall shear stress is the most critical factor in determining the viability of cells during the bioprinting process, and controlling wall shear stress remains a challenge in extrusion bioprinting. We investigated the effect of various bioprinting parameters using computational simulations on maximum wall shear stress (MWSS) in the nozzle to optimize the bioprinting process. Steady-state simulations were done for three nozzle geometries (conical, tapered conical, and cylindrical) with varying nozzle diameters (0.1 mm-0.5 mm) at different inlet pressure (0.025 MPa-0.25 MPa) as inlet conditions. NonNewtonian power law was used to model the bioink rheology and four different bioinks with power-law constants ranging from 0.0863 to 0.5050 were examined. To capture the dynamic behavior of the bioink and the thread profile of the extruded bioink, transient simulations were carried out. Our results indicate that although the MWSS is lowest in the cylindrical nozzle, this stress condition lasts for a longer portion of the nozzle and for the same inlet pressure and nozzle diameter, the mass flow rate is lower compared to the tapered conical and conical nozzle, contributing to lower cell viability.
AB - Wall shear stress is the most critical factor in determining the viability of cells during the bioprinting process, and controlling wall shear stress remains a challenge in extrusion bioprinting. We investigated the effect of various bioprinting parameters using computational simulations on maximum wall shear stress (MWSS) in the nozzle to optimize the bioprinting process. Steady-state simulations were done for three nozzle geometries (conical, tapered conical, and cylindrical) with varying nozzle diameters (0.1 mm-0.5 mm) at different inlet pressure (0.025 MPa-0.25 MPa) as inlet conditions. NonNewtonian power law was used to model the bioink rheology and four different bioinks with power-law constants ranging from 0.0863 to 0.5050 were examined. To capture the dynamic behavior of the bioink and the thread profile of the extruded bioink, transient simulations were carried out. Our results indicate that although the MWSS is lowest in the cylindrical nozzle, this stress condition lasts for a longer portion of the nozzle and for the same inlet pressure and nozzle diameter, the mass flow rate is lower compared to the tapered conical and conical nozzle, contributing to lower cell viability.
KW - Bioprinting parameters
KW - Computational fluid dynamics
KW - Extrusion bioprinting
KW - Non-Newtonian fluid
KW - Power-law fluid model
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U2 - 10.18063/ijb.v8i2.545
DO - 10.18063/ijb.v8i2.545
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85129966204
SN - 2424-7723
VL - 8
SP - 45
EP - 60
JO - International Journal of Bioprinting
JF - International Journal of Bioprinting
IS - 2
ER -