TY - JOUR
T1 - Cross-cultural adaptation of the Perceived Risk of HIV Scale in Brazilian Portuguese
AU - Torres, Thiago S.
AU - Luz, Paula M.
AU - Marins, Luana M.S.
AU - Bezerra, Daniel R.B.
AU - Almeida-Brasil, Celline C.
AU - Veloso, Valdilea G.
AU - Grinsztejn, Beatriz
AU - Harel, Daphna
AU - Thombs, Brett D.
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Luz was supported by Programa Inova FIOCRUZ, Edital Geração do Conhecimento/VPPCB, and Programa PrInt, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)/FIOCRUZ. Dr. Torres was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq, #28/2018). Dr. Thombs was supported by a Fonds de recherche du Québec—Santé Distinguished Scholar Award.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - Background: Valid and reliable instruments are needed to measure the multiple dimensions of perceived risk. The Perceived Risk of HIV Scale is an 8-item measure that assesses how people think and feel about their risk of infection. We set out to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the scale to Brazilian Portuguese among key populations (gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men and transgender/non-binary) and other populations (cisgender heterosexual men and cisgender women). Methods: Methodological study with cross-sectional design conducted online during October/2019 (key populations [sample 1] and other populations) and February–March/2020 (key populations not on pre-exposure prophylaxis [sample 2]). Cross-cultural adaptation of the Perceived Risk of HIV Scale followed Beaton et al. 2000 guidelines and included confirmatory factor analysis, differential item functioning (DIF) using the Multiple-Indicator Multiple-Cause model, and concurrent validity to verify if younger individuals, those ever testing for HIV, and engaging in high-risk behaviors had higher scores on the scale. Results: 4342 participants from key populations (sample 1 = 235; sample 2 = 4107) and 155 participants from other populations completed the measure. We confirmed the single-factor structure of the original measure (fit indices for sample 1 plus other populations: CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.07; sample 2 plus other populations: CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.09). For the comparisons between key populations and other populations, three items (item 2: “I worry about getting infected with HIV”, item 4: “I am sure I will not get infected with HIV”, and item 8: “Getting HIV is something I have”) exhibited statistically significant DIF. Items 2 and 8 were endorsed at higher levels by key populations and item 4 by other populations. However, the effect of DIF on overall scores was negligible (0.10 and 0.02 standard deviations for the models with other populations plus sample 1 and 2, respectively). Those ever testing for HIV scored higher than those who never tested (p <.001); among key populations, those engaging in high-risk behaviors scored higher than those reporting low-risk. Conclusion: The Perceived Risk of HIV Scale can be used among key populations and other populations from Brazil.
AB - Background: Valid and reliable instruments are needed to measure the multiple dimensions of perceived risk. The Perceived Risk of HIV Scale is an 8-item measure that assesses how people think and feel about their risk of infection. We set out to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the scale to Brazilian Portuguese among key populations (gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men and transgender/non-binary) and other populations (cisgender heterosexual men and cisgender women). Methods: Methodological study with cross-sectional design conducted online during October/2019 (key populations [sample 1] and other populations) and February–March/2020 (key populations not on pre-exposure prophylaxis [sample 2]). Cross-cultural adaptation of the Perceived Risk of HIV Scale followed Beaton et al. 2000 guidelines and included confirmatory factor analysis, differential item functioning (DIF) using the Multiple-Indicator Multiple-Cause model, and concurrent validity to verify if younger individuals, those ever testing for HIV, and engaging in high-risk behaviors had higher scores on the scale. Results: 4342 participants from key populations (sample 1 = 235; sample 2 = 4107) and 155 participants from other populations completed the measure. We confirmed the single-factor structure of the original measure (fit indices for sample 1 plus other populations: CFI = 0.98, TLI = 0.98, RMSEA = 0.07; sample 2 plus other populations: CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.09). For the comparisons between key populations and other populations, three items (item 2: “I worry about getting infected with HIV”, item 4: “I am sure I will not get infected with HIV”, and item 8: “Getting HIV is something I have”) exhibited statistically significant DIF. Items 2 and 8 were endorsed at higher levels by key populations and item 4 by other populations. However, the effect of DIF on overall scores was negligible (0.10 and 0.02 standard deviations for the models with other populations plus sample 1 and 2, respectively). Those ever testing for HIV scored higher than those who never tested (p <.001); among key populations, those engaging in high-risk behaviors scored higher than those reporting low-risk. Conclusion: The Perceived Risk of HIV Scale can be used among key populations and other populations from Brazil.
KW - Brazil
KW - GBM
KW - HIV perceived risk
KW - HIV risk-behavior
KW - Perceived risk of HIV Scale
KW - Psychometric properties
KW - Transgender
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U2 - 10.1186/s12955-021-01760-6
DO - 10.1186/s12955-021-01760-6
M3 - Article
C2 - 33836775
AN - SCOPUS:85104159592
VL - 19
JO - Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
JF - Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
SN - 1477-7525
IS - 1
M1 - 117
ER -