Cultural adaptation and demographic change: evidence from Mexican-American naming patterns after the California Gold Rush

Nan Zhang, Maria Abascal

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    Abstract

    According to new assimilation theory, assimilation can entail not only the adoption, by immigrants, of the established population's cultural practices, but also the adoption, by the established population, of immigrants' cultural practices. However, empirical research on assimilation has either neglected adaptation on the part of the established population or identified only modest changes. We examine reactions to a massive and rapid inflow of immigrants, and specifically, those of Mexican-origin Californios around the time of the Gold Rush of 1849. Treating naming patterns as indicators of assimilation, we find that Mexican American children born in California after 1849 were significantly less likely to receive distinctively Hispanic first names. As a placebo test, we further show that a similar pattern does not obtain in areas (e.g. New Mexico) that did not experience a rapid inflow of new American settlers. The findings validate an important insight of new assimilation theory, as well as shed new light on contemporary research on demographic change.

    Original languageEnglish (US)
    Pages (from-to)132-148
    Number of pages17
    JournalJournal of Ethnic and Migration Studies
    Volume50
    Issue number1
    DOIs
    StatePublished - 2024

    Keywords

    • Assimilation
    • cultural practice
    • demographic change
    • natural experiment

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Demography
    • Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous)

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