TY - JOUR
T1 - Cycling vrille expression is required for a functional Drosophila clock
AU - Blau, Justin
AU - Young, Michael W.
N1 - Funding Information:
We are extremely grateful to C. Wesley for suggesting the differential display screen, A. Rothenfluh for numerous invaluable discussions, S. Martinek for tim(UAS)-gal4 flies, T. Lieber for lessons on embryo injection, and R. Terracol and the Berkeley Drosophila Genome Project for sequence information on the vri promoter. We also thank R. Stanewsky, J. Hall, and K. Ranga Rao for antibodies; T. Darlington, S. Kay, S. Kidd, M. Myers, and L. Saez for plasmids; M. Bienz, J. Hall, M. Rosbash, R. Terracol, and the Bloomington Stock Center for fly stocks; S. Inonog for technical assistance; and C. Helfrich-Forster, J. Hall, and H. Okamura for sharing data prior to publication. J. B. was supported by fellowships from the Human Frontier Science Program and the Norman and Rosita Winston Foundation. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health GM54339 and the National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Biological Timing (M. W. Y.).
PY - 1999/12/10
Y1 - 1999/12/10
N2 - We identified a novel regulatory loop within Drosophila's circadian clock. A screen for clock-controlled genes recovered vrille (vri), a transcription factor essential for embryonic development, vri is expressed in circadian pacemaker cells in larval and adult brains. vri RNA levels oscillate with a circadian rhythm. Cycling is directly regulated by the transcription factors dCLOCK and CYCLE, which are also required for oscillations of period and timeless RNA. Eliminating the normal vri cycle suppresses period and timeless expression and causes long-period behavioral rhythms and arrhythmicity, indicating that cycling vri is required for a functional Drosophila clock. We also show that dCLOCK and VRI independently regulate levels of a neuropeptide, pigment dispersing factor, which appears to regulate overt behavior.
AB - We identified a novel regulatory loop within Drosophila's circadian clock. A screen for clock-controlled genes recovered vrille (vri), a transcription factor essential for embryonic development, vri is expressed in circadian pacemaker cells in larval and adult brains. vri RNA levels oscillate with a circadian rhythm. Cycling is directly regulated by the transcription factors dCLOCK and CYCLE, which are also required for oscillations of period and timeless RNA. Eliminating the normal vri cycle suppresses period and timeless expression and causes long-period behavioral rhythms and arrhythmicity, indicating that cycling vri is required for a functional Drosophila clock. We also show that dCLOCK and VRI independently regulate levels of a neuropeptide, pigment dispersing factor, which appears to regulate overt behavior.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81554-8
DO - 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81554-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 10612401
AN - SCOPUS:0033544692
SN - 0092-8674
VL - 99
SP - 661
EP - 671
JO - Cell
JF - Cell
IS - 6
ER -