@article{e56e30fe7ffc46f5bef1a0ab018eb643,
title = "Cytokine Gene Associations With Self-Report Ratings of Morning and Evening Fatigue in Oncology Patients and Their Family Caregivers",
abstract = "The purpose of this study was to evaluate for differences in variations in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes between participants who were classified as having low and high levels of morning and evening fatigue and to evaluate for differences in phenotypic characteristics between these two groups. In a sample of 167 oncology outpatients with breast, prostate, lung, or brain cancer and 85 of their family caregivers, growth mixture modeling was used to identify latent classes of individuals based on ratings of morning and evening fatigue obtained prior to, during, and for 4 months following completion of radiation therapy. Differences in single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes in 15 cytokine genes were evaluated between the latent classes. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the effect of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics on morning and evening fatigue class membership. Associations were found between morning fatigue and number of comorbidities as well as variations in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA) rs1800629 and rs3093662. Evening fatigue was associated with caring for children at home and variations in interleukin 4 (IL4) rs2243248 and TNFA rs2229094. Younger age and lower performance status were associated with both morning and evening fatigue. These findings suggest that inflammatory mediators are associated with the development of morning and evening fatigue. However, because different phenotypic characteristics and genomic markers are associated with diurnal variations in fatigue, morning and evening fatigue may be distinct but related symptoms.",
keywords = "breast cancer, cytokines, evening fatigue, genetics, interleukin 4, morning fatigue, tumor necrosis factor alpha",
author = "Anand Dhruva and Aouizerat, {Bradley E.} and Bruce Cooper and Paul, {Steven M.} and Marylin Dodd and Claudia West and William Wara and Kathryn Lee and Dunn, {Laura B.} and Langford, {Dale J.} and Merriman, {John D.} and Christina Baggott and Janine Cataldo and Christine Ritchie and Kober, {Kord M.} and Heather Leutwyler and Christine Miaskowski",
note = "Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR; NR04835). Dr. Miaskowski is funded by the American Cancer Society (ACS) as a Clinical Research Professor. Dr. Dhruva is funded through an NIH Mentored Patient-Oriented Research Career Development Award (K23 AT005340). Dr. Aouizerat received funding through the National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical Research Grant (KL2 RR624130). Dr. Dunn received funding from the Mount Zion Health Fund and the UCSF Academic Senate. Dr. Langford is supported by a Department of Defense Breast Cancer Research Program postdoctoral fellowship. Dr. Merriman was supported by an NINR fellowship (F31 NR012604), an ACS Doctoral Degree Scholarship (DSCN-10-087), an Oncology Nursing Society Doctoral Scholarship, and a UCSF Nursing Alumni Association Scholarship. Dr. Baggott is supported by an ACS Mentored Research Scholar Grant (MRSG-12-01-PCSM). Dr. Leutwyler is funded by the KL2 Program (RR624130). Dr. Cataldo was supported by an Oncology Nursing Society Fellowship. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the article. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2014",
year = "2015",
month = mar,
day = "17",
doi = "10.1177/1099800414534313",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "17",
pages = "175--184",
journal = "Biological Research for Nursing",
issn = "1099-8004",
publisher = "SAGE Publications Inc.",
number = "2",
}