TY - JOUR
T1 - Differential vulnerability of white matter structures to experimental infantile hydrocephalus detected by diffusion tensor imaging
AU - Eskandari, Ramin
AU - Abdullah, Osama
AU - Mason, Cameron
AU - Lloyd, Kelley E.
AU - Oeschle, Amanda N.
AU - McAllister, James P.
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by the Mentored Young Investigator award from the Hydrocephalus Association to Ramin Eskandari, MD, and James P. McAllister, PhD, and by the Department of Neurosurgery at the University of Utah. We thank Kristin Kraus, MSc, for her superb scientific editing skills; Marion L. Walker, MD, John R.W. Kestle, MD, and Jay Riva-Cambrin, MD for their inspiration and advice; Eric Burdett, DVM, Jack Taylor, DVM, Greg Burns, DVM, Ron Nielsen, DVM, Yunuen Coria, Liana Roberson, Reesha Dennis-Bishop, Jacqueline Brown, Brittani Delaney, Annette Rowberry, Misty Seppi, Kris Carlson, and Chase Bryan for their assistance with animal care and surgery. Implanted ventricular catheters and reservoirs were provided by Integra Scientific (Plainsboro, NJ, USA) and Medtronic (Medtronic Inc USA, Minneapolis, MN, USA).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
PY - 2014/10
Y1 - 2014/10
N2 - Purpose: The differential vulnerability of white matter (WM) to acute and chronic infantile hydrocephalus and the related effects of early and late reservoir treatment are unknown, but diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) could provide this information. Thus, we characterized WM integrity using DTI in a clinically relevant model.Methods: Obstructive hydrocephalus was induced in 2-week-old felines by intracisternal kaolin injection. Ventricular reservoirs were placed 1 (early) or 2 (late) weeks post-kaolin and tapped frequently based solely on neurological deficit. Hydrocephalic and age-matched control animals were sacrificed 12 weeks postreservoir. WM integrity was evaluated in the optic system, corpus callosum, and internal capsule prereservoir and every 3 weeks using DTI. Analyses were grouped as acute (<6 weeks) or chronic (≥6 weeks).Results: In the corpus callosum during acute stages, fractional anisotropy (FA) decreased significantly with early and late reservoir placement (p = 0.0008 and 0.0008, respectively), and diffusivity increased significantly in early (axial, radial, and mean diffusivity, p = 0.0026, 0.0012, and 0.0002, respectively) and late (radial and mean diffusivity, p = 0.01 and 0.0038, respectively) groups. Chronically, the corpus callosum was thinned and not detectable by DTI. FA was significantly lower in the optic chiasm and tracts (p = 0.0496 and 0.0052, respectively) with late but not early reservoir placement. In the internal capsule, FA in both reservoir groups increased significantly with age (p < 0.05) but diffusivity remained unchanged.Conclusions: All hydrocephalic animals treated with intermittent ventricular reservoir tapping demonstrated progressive ventriculomegaly. Both reservoir groups demonstrated WM integrity loss, with the CC the most vulnerable and the optic system the most resilient.
AB - Purpose: The differential vulnerability of white matter (WM) to acute and chronic infantile hydrocephalus and the related effects of early and late reservoir treatment are unknown, but diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) could provide this information. Thus, we characterized WM integrity using DTI in a clinically relevant model.Methods: Obstructive hydrocephalus was induced in 2-week-old felines by intracisternal kaolin injection. Ventricular reservoirs were placed 1 (early) or 2 (late) weeks post-kaolin and tapped frequently based solely on neurological deficit. Hydrocephalic and age-matched control animals were sacrificed 12 weeks postreservoir. WM integrity was evaluated in the optic system, corpus callosum, and internal capsule prereservoir and every 3 weeks using DTI. Analyses were grouped as acute (<6 weeks) or chronic (≥6 weeks).Results: In the corpus callosum during acute stages, fractional anisotropy (FA) decreased significantly with early and late reservoir placement (p = 0.0008 and 0.0008, respectively), and diffusivity increased significantly in early (axial, radial, and mean diffusivity, p = 0.0026, 0.0012, and 0.0002, respectively) and late (radial and mean diffusivity, p = 0.01 and 0.0038, respectively) groups. Chronically, the corpus callosum was thinned and not detectable by DTI. FA was significantly lower in the optic chiasm and tracts (p = 0.0496 and 0.0052, respectively) with late but not early reservoir placement. In the internal capsule, FA in both reservoir groups increased significantly with age (p < 0.05) but diffusivity remained unchanged.Conclusions: All hydrocephalic animals treated with intermittent ventricular reservoir tapping demonstrated progressive ventriculomegaly. Both reservoir groups demonstrated WM integrity loss, with the CC the most vulnerable and the optic system the most resilient.
KW - Diffusion tensor imaging
KW - Infantile hydrocephalus
KW - White matter
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U2 - 10.1007/s00381-014-2500-x
DO - 10.1007/s00381-014-2500-x
M3 - Article
C2 - 25070594
AN - SCOPUS:84929516125
SN - 0256-7040
VL - 30
SP - 1651
EP - 1661
JO - Child's Nervous System
JF - Child's Nervous System
IS - 10
ER -