@article{6d77bc0ba5ec41f5bcd092dc7bd1cd82,
title = "Dionysopithecus from southern Pakistan and the biochronology and biogeography of early Eurasian catarrhines",
abstract = "New specimens of a small, advanced catarrhine primate from the Manchar Formation in Sind, southern Pakistan, are referred to Dionysopithecus sp. Their age is biochronologically estimated to be close to the early/middle Miocene boundary. Dionysopithecus is considered closely related to, and possibly congeneric with, Micropithecus from the East African early Miocene. The Manchar Dionysopithecus is among the earliest of Eurasian catarrhines. Catarrhines may have first emigrated from Afro-Arabia around 16·5 Ma, coincident with a major short-term eustatic sea level lowering event, and with the earliest records in South Asia of certain other African mammal groups. The first appearances in Eurasia of later, more advanced catarrhine lineages also appear to correlate with episodes of global sea level lowering.",
keywords = "Catarrhine, Miocene, Pakistan, biochronology, biogeography",
author = "Bernor, {Raymond L.} and Flynn, {Lawrence J.} and Terry Harrison and Hussain, {S. Taseer} and Jay Kelley",
note = "Funding Information: We thank S. M. Raza, J. C. Barry, D. R. Pilbeam, L. L. Jacobs, J. G. Fleagle, and F. Rijgl for helpful discussions and encouragement during the course of this study. Li C.-K., W. R. Downs, D. Etler, and E. Delson supplied valuable information on Asian localities and Chinese texts. J. Barry compared Manchars and Kamlial/Murree large mammal assemblages. Suggestions by Li, L. Martin, and two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. We are grateful to the Geological Survey of Pakistan for support of this project, and thank the Kenya Government and the National Museums of Kenya for permission to study the East African Miocene primates. Support for this study was derived from NSF grants BSR 85-17396 (to Bernor), BNS 84-19703 (to Pilbeam, Barry and Hill), and BSR 85-00145 (to Jacobs, Flynn and Lindsay); Smithsonian Foreign Currency Program Grants to Hussain (41007800) and Pilbeam and Barry (20203700); National Geographic Grant (no. 3494-87, to Hussain); and NATO grant RG 85/0045 (to Bernor). We thank Dr M. Yoder, New York University, and Trisha Rice, Museum of Comparative Zoology, for skilled creation of the SEM photos. This paper is dedicated to Noye Johnson, who so consistently promoted and advanced work in the Siwaliks.",
year = "1988",
month = may,
doi = "10.1016/0047-2484(88)90075-9",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "17",
pages = "339--358",
journal = "Journal of Human Evolution",
issn = "0047-2484",
publisher = "Academic Press Inc.",
number = "3",
}