@article{67798f61b46e4c86bfc57d258a23d199,
title = "Discovering Precise Temporal Patterns in Large-Scale Neural Recordings through Robust and Interpretable Time Warping",
abstract = "Though the temporal precision of neural computation has been studied intensively, a data-driven determination of this precision remains a fundamental challenge. Reproducible spike patterns may be obscured on single trials by uncontrolled temporal variability in behavior and cognition and may not be time locked to measurable signatures in behavior or local field potentials (LFP). To overcome these challenges, we describe a general-purpose time warping framework that reveals precise spike-time patterns in an unsupervised manner, even when these patterns are decoupled from behavior or are temporally stretched across single trials. We demonstrate this method across diverse systems: cued reaching in nonhuman primates, motor sequence production in rats, and olfaction in mice. This approach flexibly uncovers diverse dynamical firing patterns, including pulsatile responses to behavioral events, LFP-aligned oscillatory spiking, and even unanticipated patterns, such as 7 Hz oscillations in rat motor cortex that are not time locked to measured behaviors or LFP.",
keywords = "Exploratory Data Analysis, Neural Oscillations, Population Dynamics, Spike Train Analysis, Statistics, Time Warping, Unsupervised Learning, Neurons/physiology, Microinjections, Action Potentials/physiology, Rats, Male, Mice, Transgenic, Macaca mulatta, Proteins/genetics, Gene Knock-In Techniques, Motor Cortex/physiology, Pattern Recognition, Automated/methods, Animals, Time Factors, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor/genetics, Peptide Fragments/genetics, Mice, Primary Cell Culture",
author = "Williams, {Alex H.} and Ben Poole and Niru Maheswaranathan and Dhawale, {Ashesh K.} and Tucker Fisher and Wilson, {Christopher D.} and Brann, {David H.} and Trautmann, {Eric M.} and Stephen Ryu and Roman Shusterman and Dmitry Rinberg and {\"O}lveczky, {Bence P.} and Shenoy, {Krishna V.} and Surya Ganguli",
note = "Funding Information: We thank Isabel Low and Chandramouli Chandrasekaran for feedback on the manuscript. This work received support from the following research grants and foundations: Department of Energy CSGF fellowship (A.H.W.), NIH NRSA 1F31NS089376-01 (E.M.T.), Stanford Graduate Fellowship (E.M.T.), NSF IGERT 0734683 (E.M.T.), NIH NINDS T-R01NS076460 (K.V.S.), NIH NIMH T-R01MH09964703 (K.V.S.), NIH Director's Pioneer Award 8DP1HD075623 (K.V.S.), DARPA BTO “REPAIR” N66001-10-C-2010 and “NeuroFAST” W911NF-14-2-0013 (K.V.S.), the Simons Foundation Collaboration on the Global Brain awards 325380 (S.G. and K.V.S.) and 543045 (K.V.S.), ONR N000141812158 (K.V.S.), the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (K.V.S.), Charles A. King Trust (A.K.D.), the Life Sciences Research Foundation (A.K.D.), NIH NINDS R01-NS099323-01 (B.P.O.), NIH R01-DC013797 (D.R.), NIH R01-DC014366 (D.R.), Burroughs Wellcome (S.G.), Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (S.G.), Simons Foundation (S.G.), McKnight Foundation (S.G.), James S. McDonell Foundation (S.G.), and the Office of Naval Research (S.G.). Conceptualization, A.H.W. B.P. N.M. and S.G.; Methodology, A.H.W. B.P. and N.M.; Software, A.H.W.; Formal Analysis, A.H.W. and S.G.; Investigation, A.H.W. T.F. E.T. A.K.D. and C.D.W.; Resources, A.K.D. T.F. C.D.W. E.T. S.I.R. and R.S.; Data Curation, A.K.D. T.F. C.D.W. E.T. D.H.B. and R.S.; Writing – Original Draft, A.H.W. and S.G.; Writing – Review & Editing, A.H.W. B.P. N.M. A.K.D. T.F. D.R. B.P.O. K.V.S. and S.G.; Visualization, A.H.W.; Supervision, D.R. B.P.O. K.V.S. and S.G.; Project Administration, A.H.W. and S.G.; Funding Acquisition, D.R. B.P.O. K.V.S. and S.G. K.V.S. is a consultant to CTRL-Labs and Neuralink Inc. and on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Cognescent and Heal; these entities in no way influenced or supported this work. Funding Information: We thank Isabel Low and Chandramouli Chandrasekaran for feedback on the manuscript. This work received support from the following research grants and foundations: Department of Energy CSGF fellowship (A.H.W.), NIH NRSA 1F31NS089376-01 (E.M.T.), Stanford Graduate Fellowship (E.M.T.), NSF IGERT 0734683 (E.M.T.), NIH NINDS T-R01NS076460 (K.V.S.), NIH NIMH T-R01MH09964703 (K.V.S.), NIH Director{\textquoteright}s Pioneer Award 8DP1HD075623 (K.V.S.), DARPA BTO “REPAIR” N66001-10-C-2010 and “NeuroFAST” W911NF-14-2-0013 (K.V.S.), the Simons Foundation Collaboration on the Global Brain awards 325380 (S.G. and K.V.S.) and 543045 (K.V.S.), ONR N000141812158 (K.V.S.), the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (K.V.S.), Charles A. King Trust (A.K.D.), the Life Sciences Research Foundation (A.K.D.), NIH NINDS R01-NS099323-01 (B.P.O.), NIH R01-DC013797 (D.R.), NIH R01-DC014366 (D.R.), Burroughs Wellcome (S.G.), Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (S.G.), Simons Foundation (S.G.), McKnight Foundation (S.G.), James S. McDonell Foundation (S.G.), and the Office of Naval Research (S.G.). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier Inc.",
year = "2020",
month = jan,
day = "22",
doi = "10.1016/j.neuron.2019.10.020",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "105",
pages = "246--259.e8",
journal = "Neuron",
issn = "0896-6273",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "2",
}