TY - JOUR
T1 - Establishment of a critical-sized alveolar defect in the rat
T2 - A model for human gingivoperiosteoplasty
AU - Nguyen, Phuong D.
AU - Lin, Clarence D.
AU - Allori, Alexander C.
AU - Ricci, John L.
AU - Saadeh, Pierre B.
AU - Warren, Stephen M.
PY - 2009/3
Y1 - 2009/3
N2 - BACKGROUND:: Despite technical advancement, treatment of congenital alveolar clefts has remained controversial. Currently, primary alveolar cleft repair (i.e., gingivoperiosteoplasty) has a 41 to 73 percent success rate. However, the remaining patients have persistent alveolar bone defects requiring secondary grafting procedures. Morbidity of secondary procedures includes pain, graft resorption, extrusion or infection, and graft or tooth loss. The authors present a novel rat alveolar defect model designed to facilitate investigation of therapeutics aimed at improving bone formation following primary alveolar cleft repair in humans. METHODS:: Sixteen 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats underwent creation of a 7 × 4 × 3-mm complete alveolar defect from the maxillary incisors to the zygomatic arch. Four animals were humanely killed at each of the following time points: 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Morphometric analysis of the alveolar defect was determined by means of micro-computed tomography and histology. RESULTS:: Micro-computed tomography demonstrated that new bone filled 43 ± 5.6 percent of the alveolar defect at 4 weeks, 53 ± 8.3 percent at 8 weeks, and 48 ± 3.5 percent at 12 weeks. Histologically, at 4 weeks, proliferating fibroblasts and polymorphonuclear cells were scattered throughout the disorganized collagen in the intercalary gap. By 8 weeks, nascent woven bone spicules extended from the edges of the defect. At 12 weeks, the woven spicules had remodeled, with scant additional bone deposition. CONCLUSION:: This model creates a critical-size alveolar defect that is similar in size and location to human alveolar defects and is suitable for studying proposed therapeutics.
AB - BACKGROUND:: Despite technical advancement, treatment of congenital alveolar clefts has remained controversial. Currently, primary alveolar cleft repair (i.e., gingivoperiosteoplasty) has a 41 to 73 percent success rate. However, the remaining patients have persistent alveolar bone defects requiring secondary grafting procedures. Morbidity of secondary procedures includes pain, graft resorption, extrusion or infection, and graft or tooth loss. The authors present a novel rat alveolar defect model designed to facilitate investigation of therapeutics aimed at improving bone formation following primary alveolar cleft repair in humans. METHODS:: Sixteen 8-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats underwent creation of a 7 × 4 × 3-mm complete alveolar defect from the maxillary incisors to the zygomatic arch. Four animals were humanely killed at each of the following time points: 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Morphometric analysis of the alveolar defect was determined by means of micro-computed tomography and histology. RESULTS:: Micro-computed tomography demonstrated that new bone filled 43 ± 5.6 percent of the alveolar defect at 4 weeks, 53 ± 8.3 percent at 8 weeks, and 48 ± 3.5 percent at 12 weeks. Histologically, at 4 weeks, proliferating fibroblasts and polymorphonuclear cells were scattered throughout the disorganized collagen in the intercalary gap. By 8 weeks, nascent woven bone spicules extended from the edges of the defect. At 12 weeks, the woven spicules had remodeled, with scant additional bone deposition. CONCLUSION:: This model creates a critical-size alveolar defect that is similar in size and location to human alveolar defects and is suitable for studying proposed therapeutics.
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U2 - 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31819ba2f4
DO - 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31819ba2f4
M3 - Article
C2 - 19319044
AN - SCOPUS:67651215757
SN - 0032-1052
VL - 123
SP - 817
EP - 825
JO - Plastic and reconstructive surgery
JF - Plastic and reconstructive surgery
IS - 3
ER -