Feature-rich continuous language models for speech recognition

State-of-the-art probabilistic models of text such as n-grams require an exponential number of examples as the size of the context grows, a problem that is due to the discrete word representation. We propose to solve this problem by learning a continuous-valued and lowdimensional mapping of words, and base our predictions for the probabilities of the target word on non-linear dynamics of the latent space representation of the words in context window. We build on neural networks-based language models; by expressing them as energy-based models, we can further enrich the models with additional inputs such as part-of-speech tags, topic information and graphs of word similarity. We demonstrate a significantly lower perplexity on different text corpora, as well as improved word accuracy rate on speech recognition tasks, as compared to Kneser-Ney backoff n-gram-based language models.