High Response Rates to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in High-Grade Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Xiaosong Meng, Brian Chao, Varun Vijay, Hayley Silver, Ezra J. Margolin, Arjun Balar, Samir S. Taneja, Ojas Shah, Marc A. Bjurlin, Christopher B. Anderson, William C. Huang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the impact of cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients who underwent nephroureterectomy for high-grade (HG) upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Methods: Retrospective review was conducted of patients with HG UTUC from 2011 to 2017 who underwent nephroureterectomy at 2 institutions. Patients with eGFR >50 mL/min/1.73 m2 were considered eligible for NAC and were referred for evaluation of NAC prior to nephroureterectomy. Patient demographics, kidney function, clinical and pathologic response rates, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: Of 95 patients with HG UTUC meeting inclusion criteria (mean age 72.3 years, mean preop eGFR 57.0 mL/min/1.73 m2), 61 patients were considered eligible for NAC with eGFR >50 mL/min/1.73 m2, of which 25 (41%) received NAC. Of the patients who received NAC, 80% (20/25) of the patients had clinical response on imaging and 80% (20/25) had pathologic response (<pT2N0 disease) on nephroureterectomy. On final pathology, only 20% of the NAC group had ≥pT2 disease compared to 64% of patients who proceeded directly to surgery (P = .001). Patients who received NAC had significantly longer progression free survival (P = .051) and overall survival (P = .052) compared to patients who proceeded directly to surgery. No patients progressed or were deemed ineligible for surgery due to NAC. Conclusion: Cisplatin-based NAC demonstrated a high clinical and pathologic response rate in patients with HG UTUC without compromising definitive surgical treatment. Since nephroureterectomy significantly reduces kidney function and eligibility for cisplatin-based chemotherapy after surgery, patients with HG UTUC should be considered for NAC.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)146-152
Number of pages7
JournalUrology
Volume129
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2019

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Urology

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