TY - JOUR
T1 - Hip joint mobility in free-ranging rhesus macaques
AU - Hammond, Ashley S.
AU - Johnson, Victoria P.
AU - Higham, James P.
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank the Associate Editor and two anonymous reviewers for constructive feedback. The Wisconsin National Primate Research Center and the Caribbean Primate Research Center are thanked for facilitating this work. In particular, we thank Nancy Schultz-Darken, Peter Pierre, Olga Gonzalez-Velez, and Angelina Ruiz-Lambides. We thank the staff of the Caribbean Primate Research Center for their assistance with trapping and anesthetizing animals. Financial support for this work came from the National Science Foundation (BCS-1232393 to ASH), Wenner-Gren Foundation (ASH), LSB Leakey Foundation (ASH, JPH), the National Institutes of Health (P51 OD011106 to Wisconsin National Primate Research Center), the National Centre for Research Resources (NCRR; grant number 2P40OD012217 to CPRC of the University of Puerto Rico), and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) of NIH (to CPRC). The contents of this work are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of NCRR, WNPC, CPRC, or NIH.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PY - 2017/2/1
Y1 - 2017/2/1
N2 - Objectives: We aimed to test for differences in hip joint range of motion (ROM) between captive and free-ranging rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), particularly for hip joint abduction, which previous studies of captive macaques have found to be lower than predicted. Materials and methods: Hip ROM was assessed following standard joint measurement methodology in anesthetized adult free-ranging rhesus macaques (n = 39) from Cayo Santiago, and compared with published ROM data from captive rhesus macaques (n = 16) (Hammond, American Journal of Physical Anthropology). Significant differences between populations were detected using one-way analysis of variance (p <.05). Results: In a sample of pooled sexes and ages, free-ranging macaques are capable of increased hip abduction, flexion, and internal rotation compared with captive individuals. These differences in joint excursion resulted in free-ranging individuals having significantly increased ROM for hip adduction–abduction, rotation, flexion–extension, and the distance spanned by the knee during hip abduction. When looking at data for a smaller sample of age-matched males, fewer ROM differences are significant, but free-ranging males have significantly increased hip abduction, internal rotation, range of flexion–extension, and distance spanned by the knee during hip abduction compared with captive males of similar age. Discussion: Our results suggest that a spatially restrictive environment results in decreased hip mobility in cage-confined animals and ultimately limits the potential limb postures in captive macaques. These results have implications for selection of animal samples in model validation studies, as well as laboratory animal husbandry practices. KEYWORDS caging, Cayo Santiago, hip abduction, Macaca mulatta, nonhuman primate captive care.
AB - Objectives: We aimed to test for differences in hip joint range of motion (ROM) between captive and free-ranging rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), particularly for hip joint abduction, which previous studies of captive macaques have found to be lower than predicted. Materials and methods: Hip ROM was assessed following standard joint measurement methodology in anesthetized adult free-ranging rhesus macaques (n = 39) from Cayo Santiago, and compared with published ROM data from captive rhesus macaques (n = 16) (Hammond, American Journal of Physical Anthropology). Significant differences between populations were detected using one-way analysis of variance (p <.05). Results: In a sample of pooled sexes and ages, free-ranging macaques are capable of increased hip abduction, flexion, and internal rotation compared with captive individuals. These differences in joint excursion resulted in free-ranging individuals having significantly increased ROM for hip adduction–abduction, rotation, flexion–extension, and the distance spanned by the knee during hip abduction. When looking at data for a smaller sample of age-matched males, fewer ROM differences are significant, but free-ranging males have significantly increased hip abduction, internal rotation, range of flexion–extension, and distance spanned by the knee during hip abduction compared with captive males of similar age. Discussion: Our results suggest that a spatially restrictive environment results in decreased hip mobility in cage-confined animals and ultimately limits the potential limb postures in captive macaques. These results have implications for selection of animal samples in model validation studies, as well as laboratory animal husbandry practices. KEYWORDS caging, Cayo Santiago, hip abduction, Macaca mulatta, nonhuman primate captive care.
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U2 - 10.1002/ajpa.23112
DO - 10.1002/ajpa.23112
M3 - Article
C2 - 27731892
AN - SCOPUS:84992469935
SN - 0002-9483
VL - 162
SP - 377
EP - 384
JO - American Journal of Physical Anthropology
JF - American Journal of Physical Anthropology
IS - 2
ER -