HIV-1 transmission in injection paraphernalia: Heating drug solutions may inactivate HIV-1

Michael C. Clatts; Robert Heimer; Nadia Abdala; Lloyd A. Goldsamt; Jo L. Sotheran; Kenneth T. Anderson; Toni M. Gallo; Lee D. Hoffer; Pellegrino A. Luciano; Tassos Kyriakides

doi:10.1097/00126334-199910010-00013

HIV-1 transmission in injection paraphernalia: Heating drug solutions may inactivate HIV-1

Michael C. Clatts, Robert Heimer, Nadia Abdala, Lloyd A. Goldsamt, Jo L. Sotheran, Kenneth T. Anderson, Toni M. Gallo, Lee D. Hoffer, Pellegrino A. Luciano, Tassos Kyriakides

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Abstract

In response to recent concerns about risk of HIV-1 transmission from drug injection paraphernalia such as cookers, ethnographic methods were used to develop a descriptive typology of the paraphernalia and practices used to prepare and inject illegal drugs. Observational data were then applied in laboratory studies in which a quantitative HIV-1 microculture assay was used to measure the recovery of infectious HIV-1 in cookers. HIV-1 survival inside cookers was a function of the temperature achieved during preparation of drug solutions; HIV-1 was inactivated once temperature exceeded, on average, 65°C. Although different types of cookers, volumes, and heat sources affected survival times, heating cookers 15 seconds or longer reduced viable HIV-1 below detectable levels.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	194-199
Number of pages	6
Journal	Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
Volume	22
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1097/00126334-199910010-00013
State	Published - Oct 1 1999

Keywords

Drug injection practices
Ethnography
HIV-1 transmission

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Immunology and Allergy
Immunology
Virology

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10.1097/00126334-199910010-00013

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Clatts, M. C., Heimer, R., Abdala, N., Goldsamt, L. A., Sotheran, J. L., Anderson, K. T., Gallo, T. M., Hoffer, L. D., Luciano, P. A., & Kyriakides, T. (1999). HIV-1 transmission in injection paraphernalia: Heating drug solutions may inactivate HIV-1. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, 22(2), 194-199. https://doi.org/10.1097/00126334-199910010-00013

Clatts, MC, Heimer, R, Abdala, N, Goldsamt, LA, Sotheran, JL, Anderson, KT, Gallo, TM, Hoffer, LD, Luciano, PA & Kyriakides, T 1999, 'HIV-1 transmission in injection paraphernalia: Heating drug solutions may inactivate HIV-1', Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 194-199. https://doi.org/10.1097/00126334-199910010-00013

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abstract = "In response to recent concerns about risk of HIV-1 transmission from drug injection paraphernalia such as cookers, ethnographic methods were used to develop a descriptive typology of the paraphernalia and practices used to prepare and inject illegal drugs. Observational data were then applied in laboratory studies in which a quantitative HIV-1 microculture assay was used to measure the recovery of infectious HIV-1 in cookers. HIV-1 survival inside cookers was a function of the temperature achieved during preparation of drug solutions; HIV-1 was inactivated once temperature exceeded, on average, 65°C. Although different types of cookers, volumes, and heat sources affected survival times, heating cookers 15 seconds or longer reduced viable HIV-1 below detectable levels.",

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AU - Goldsamt, Lloyd A.

AU - Sotheran, Jo L.

AU - Anderson, Kenneth T.

AU - Gallo, Toni M.

AU - Hoffer, Lee D.

AU - Luciano, Pellegrino A.

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HIV-1 transmission in injection paraphernalia: Heating drug solutions may inactivate HIV-1

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ASJC Scopus subject areas

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