HIV envelope binding by macrophage-expressed gp340 promotes HIV-1 infection

Georgetta Cannon, Yanjie Yi, Houping Ni, Earl Stoddard, David A. Scales, Donald I. Van Ryk, Irwin Chaiken, Daniel Malamud, Drew Weissman

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    Abstract

    The scavenger receptor cysteine-rich protein gp340 functions as part of the host innate immune defense system at mucosal surfaces. In the genital tract, its expression by cervical and vaginal epithelial cells promotes HIV trans-infection and may play a role in sexual transmission. Gp340 is an alternatively spliced product of the deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (DMBT1) gene. In addition to its innate immune system activity, DMBT1 demonstrates instability in multiple types of cancer and plays a role in epithelial cell differentiation. We demonstrate that monocyte-derived macrophages express gp340 and that HIV-1 infection is decreased when envelope cannot bind it. Inhibition of infection occurred at the level of fusion of M-, T-, and dual-tropic envelopes. Additional HIV-1 envelope binding molecules, such as dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), mannose-binding lectin, and heparan sulfate, enhance the efficiency of infection of the cells that express them by increasing the local concentration of infectious virus. Our data suggest that gp340, which is expressed by macrophages in vivo, may function to enhance infection in much the same manner. Its expression on tissue macrophages and epithelial cells suggests important new opportunities for HIV-1 pathogenesis investigation and therapy.

    Original languageEnglish (US)
    Pages (from-to)2065-2070
    Number of pages6
    JournalJournal of Immunology
    Volume181
    Issue number3
    DOIs
    StatePublished - Aug 1 2008

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Immunology and Allergy
    • Immunology

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