TY - JOUR
T1 - Hiv infection and intravenous drug use
T2 - Critical issues in transmission dynamics, infection outcomes, and prevention
AU - Des Jarlais, Don C.
AU - Friedman, Samuel R.
AU - Stoneburner, Rand L.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported primarily through grant DA 03574 from the National Institue on Drug Abuse. Opinions expressed in the article do not necessarily reflect policy of the New York State Division of Substance Abuse Services, Narcotic and Drug Research, Inc., the New York City Department of Health, or the National Institute on Drug Abuse.
PY - 1988/1
Y1 - 1988/1
N2 - As the second largest group of persons to have been infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the most likely to transmit HIV to heterosexual partners in the United States and Europe, iv drug users will play an increasingly important role in the future of the AIDS epidemic. This paper reviews five emerging critical issues regarding HIV infection among iv drug users. In epidemiology, rates of drug injection and anonymous sharing of injection equipment appear related to rapid spread of HIV among iv drug users, while heterosexual transmission from iv drug users appears to have been occurring at a relatively slow but constant rate. Data exist that support a gender-related cofactor and a continuing drug injection cofactor, but mechanisms for these potential cofactors have not been determined. Besides frank AIDS, HIV infection also appears to lead to epidemic-level increases in a variety of fatal infections among iv drug users. Several studies of prevention show active risk reduction among iv drug users, but new methods are urgently needed to increase amount of risk reduction.
AB - As the second largest group of persons to have been infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and the most likely to transmit HIV to heterosexual partners in the United States and Europe, iv drug users will play an increasingly important role in the future of the AIDS epidemic. This paper reviews five emerging critical issues regarding HIV infection among iv drug users. In epidemiology, rates of drug injection and anonymous sharing of injection equipment appear related to rapid spread of HIV among iv drug users, while heterosexual transmission from iv drug users appears to have been occurring at a relatively slow but constant rate. Data exist that support a gender-related cofactor and a continuing drug injection cofactor, but mechanisms for these potential cofactors have not been determined. Besides frank AIDS, HIV infection also appears to lead to epidemic-level increases in a variety of fatal infections among iv drug users. Several studies of prevention show active risk reduction among iv drug users, but new methods are urgently needed to increase amount of risk reduction.
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U2 - 10.1093/clinids/10.1.151
DO - 10.1093/clinids/10.1.151
M3 - Article
C2 - 3281219
AN - SCOPUS:0023674637
SN - 0162-0886
VL - 10
SP - 151
EP - 158
JO - Reviews of Infectious Diseases
JF - Reviews of Infectious Diseases
IS - 1
ER -