Abstract
Post-swallow residue is considered a sign of swallowing impairment. Existing methods for capturing post-swallow residue (perceptual and quantitative) have inherent limitations. We employed several different perceptual and quantitative (ratio) methods for measuring post-swallow residue on the same 40 swallows and addressed the following questions: (1) Do perceptual and quantitative methods demonstrate good agreement? (2) What differences in precision are apparent by measurement method (one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and circumscribed area ratios)? (3) Do residue ratios agree strongly with residue area measures that are anatomically normalized? Based on the findings of this series of questions, a new method for capturing residue is proposed: the Normalized Residue Ratio Scale (NRRS). The NRRS is a continuous measurement that incorporates both the ratio of residue relative to the available pharyngeal space and the residue proportionate to the size of the individual. A demonstration of this method is presented to illustrate the added precision of the NRRS measurement in comparison to other approaches for measuring residue severity.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 167-177 |
Number of pages | 11 |
Journal | Dysphagia |
Volume | 28 |
Issue number | 2 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jun 2013 |
Keywords
- Deglutition
- Deglutition disorders
- Dysphagia
- Residue
- Swallowing
- Videofluoroscopy
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Otorhinolaryngology
- Gastroenterology
- Speech and Hearing