TY - JOUR
T1 - Improving Executive Functions Using the Engineering Design Process
T2 - A Peer-Mediated Problem-Solving Approach for Autistic Adolescents
AU - Murthi, Kavitha
AU - Patten, Kristie
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 American Occupational Therapy Association, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - Executive functions—specifically, problem-solving skills—are crucial for school success. Challenges in these functions faced by autistic adolescents are often unrecognized or viewed through a behavioral lens that requires correction or normalization. A lack of development of higher order problem-solving skills leads to increased instances of secondary mental health issues, creating further behavioral and social challenges. We propose using the Engineering Design Process (EDP), a flexible, cyclical, top-down, self-sustaining approach that uses peer mediation to teach group problem-solving skills. We then position this cycle within existing occupational therapy models to demonstrate its adaptability and flexibility, describe the distinct features of this problem-solving strategy, and present a real-world case study in which the EDP is used as a problem-solving approach in an after-school program. The EDP develops crucial social and interpersonal skills using interest-driven occupations and can be organically used as a group strategy. This article uses the identity-first language autistic people. This nonableist language describes their strengths and abilities and is a conscious decision. This language is favored by autistic communities and self-advocates and has been adopted by health care professionals and researchers (Bottema-Beutel et al., 2021, Kenny et al., 2016).
AB - Executive functions—specifically, problem-solving skills—are crucial for school success. Challenges in these functions faced by autistic adolescents are often unrecognized or viewed through a behavioral lens that requires correction or normalization. A lack of development of higher order problem-solving skills leads to increased instances of secondary mental health issues, creating further behavioral and social challenges. We propose using the Engineering Design Process (EDP), a flexible, cyclical, top-down, self-sustaining approach that uses peer mediation to teach group problem-solving skills. We then position this cycle within existing occupational therapy models to demonstrate its adaptability and flexibility, describe the distinct features of this problem-solving strategy, and present a real-world case study in which the EDP is used as a problem-solving approach in an after-school program. The EDP develops crucial social and interpersonal skills using interest-driven occupations and can be organically used as a group strategy. This article uses the identity-first language autistic people. This nonableist language describes their strengths and abilities and is a conscious decision. This language is favored by autistic communities and self-advocates and has been adopted by health care professionals and researchers (Bottema-Beutel et al., 2021, Kenny et al., 2016).
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U2 - 10.5014/AJOT.2023.050166
DO - 10.5014/AJOT.2023.050166
M3 - Article
C2 - 37018053
AN - SCOPUS:85151778052
SN - 0272-9490
VL - 77
JO - American Journal of Occupational Therapy
JF - American Journal of Occupational Therapy
IS - 2
M1 - 2
ER -