TY - JOUR
T1 - Isocost Lines Describe the Cellular Economy of Genetic Circuits
AU - Gyorgy, Andras
AU - Jiménez, José I.
AU - Yazbek, John
AU - Huang, Hsin Ho
AU - Chung, Hattie
AU - Weiss, Ron
AU - Del Vecchio, Domitilla
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 The Authors.
PY - 2015/8/6
Y1 - 2015/8/6
N2 - Genetic circuits in living cells share transcriptional and translational resources that are available in limited amounts. This leads to unexpected couplings among seemingly unconnected modules, which result in poorly predictable circuit behavior. In this study, we determine these interdependencies between products of different genes by characterizing the economy of how transcriptional and translational resources are allocated to the production of proteins in genetic circuits. We discover that, when expressed from the same plasmid, the combinations of attainable protein concentrations are constrained by a linear relationship, which can be interpreted as an isocost line, a concept used in microeconomics. We created a library of circuits with two reporter genes, one constitutive and the other inducible in the same plasmid, without a regulatory path between them. In agreement with the model predictions, experiments reveal that the isocost line rotates when changing the ribosome binding site strength of the inducible gene and shifts when modifying the plasmid copy number. These results demonstrate that isocost lines can be employed to predict how genetic circuits become coupled when sharing resources and provide design guidelines for minimizing the effects of such couplings.
AB - Genetic circuits in living cells share transcriptional and translational resources that are available in limited amounts. This leads to unexpected couplings among seemingly unconnected modules, which result in poorly predictable circuit behavior. In this study, we determine these interdependencies between products of different genes by characterizing the economy of how transcriptional and translational resources are allocated to the production of proteins in genetic circuits. We discover that, when expressed from the same plasmid, the combinations of attainable protein concentrations are constrained by a linear relationship, which can be interpreted as an isocost line, a concept used in microeconomics. We created a library of circuits with two reporter genes, one constitutive and the other inducible in the same plasmid, without a regulatory path between them. In agreement with the model predictions, experiments reveal that the isocost line rotates when changing the ribosome binding site strength of the inducible gene and shifts when modifying the plasmid copy number. These results demonstrate that isocost lines can be employed to predict how genetic circuits become coupled when sharing resources and provide design guidelines for minimizing the effects of such couplings.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.06.034
DO - 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.06.034
M3 - Article
C2 - 26244745
AN - SCOPUS:84938509078
SN - 0006-3495
VL - 109
SP - 639
EP - 646
JO - Biophysical journal
JF - Biophysical journal
IS - 3
ER -