Large Language Models and Games: A Survey and Roadmap

Roberto Gallotta, Graham Todd, Marvin Zammit, Sam Earle, Antonios Liapis, Julian Togelius, Georgios N. Yannakakis

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

    Abstract

    Recent years have seen an explosive increase in research on large language models (LLMs), and accompanying public engagement on the topic. While starting as a niche area within natural language processing, LLMs have shown remarkable potential across a broad range of applications and domains, including games. This paper surveys the current state of the art across the various applications of LLMs in and for games, and identifies the different roles LLMs can take within a game. Importantly, we discuss underexplored areas and promising directions for future uses of LLMs in games and we reconcile the potential and limitations of LLMs within the games domain. As the first comprehensive survey and roadmap at the intersection of LLMs and games, we are hopeful that this paper will serve as the basis for groundbreaking research and innovation in this exciting new field.

    Original languageEnglish (US)
    JournalIEEE Transactions on Games
    DOIs
    StateAccepted/In press - 2024

    Keywords

    • Digital games
    • gameplaying
    • generative AI
    • generative text
    • large language models
    • procedural content generation
    • survey
    • video games

    ASJC Scopus subject areas

    • Software
    • Control and Systems Engineering
    • Artificial Intelligence
    • Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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