TY - JOUR
T1 - Large-scale differences in diversity and functional adaptations of prokaryotic communities from conserved and anthropogenically impacted mangrove sediments in a tropical estuary
AU - de Santana, Carolina O.
AU - Spealman, Pieter
AU - Melo, Vania
AU - Gresham, David
AU - de Jesus, Taise
AU - Oliveira, Eddy
AU - Chinalia, Fabio Alexandre
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was financed by the Coordenacão de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES)- Finance Code 001 and by the Fundacão de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - Fapesb (No.19.571.128.2566). There was no additional external funding received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
Funding Information:
This work was financed by the Coordenac¸ão de Aperfeic¸oamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001 and by the Fundac¸ão de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia – Fapesb (No.19.571.128.2566). There was no additional external funding received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Publisher Copyright:
Copyright 2021 De Santana et al.
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - Mangroves are tropical ecosystems with strategic importance for climate change mitigation on local and global scales. They are also under considerable threat due to fragmentation degradation and urbanization. However, a complete understanding of how anthropogenic actions can affect microbial biodiversity and functional adaptations is still lacking. In this study, we carried out 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis using sediment samples from two distinct mangrove areas located within the Serinhaém Estuary, Brazil. The first sampling area was located around the urban area of Ituberá, impacted by domestic sewage and urban runoff, while the second was an environmentally conserved site. Our results show significant changes in the structure of the communities between impacted and conserved sites. Biodiversity, along with functional potentials for the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur, were significantly increased in the urban area. We found that the environmental factors of organic matter, temperature and copper were significantly correlated with the observed shifts in the communities. Contributions of specific taxa to the functional potentials were negatively correlated with biodiversity, such that fewer numbers of taxa in the conserved area contributed to the majority of the metabolic potential. The results suggest that the contamination by urban runoff may have generated a different environment that led to the extinction of some taxa observed at the conserved site. In their place we found that the impacted site is enriched in prokaryotic families that are known human and animal pathogens, a clear negative effect of the urbanization process.
AB - Mangroves are tropical ecosystems with strategic importance for climate change mitigation on local and global scales. They are also under considerable threat due to fragmentation degradation and urbanization. However, a complete understanding of how anthropogenic actions can affect microbial biodiversity and functional adaptations is still lacking. In this study, we carried out 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis using sediment samples from two distinct mangrove areas located within the Serinhaém Estuary, Brazil. The first sampling area was located around the urban area of Ituberá, impacted by domestic sewage and urban runoff, while the second was an environmentally conserved site. Our results show significant changes in the structure of the communities between impacted and conserved sites. Biodiversity, along with functional potentials for the cycling of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur, were significantly increased in the urban area. We found that the environmental factors of organic matter, temperature and copper were significantly correlated with the observed shifts in the communities. Contributions of specific taxa to the functional potentials were negatively correlated with biodiversity, such that fewer numbers of taxa in the conserved area contributed to the majority of the metabolic potential. The results suggest that the contamination by urban runoff may have generated a different environment that led to the extinction of some taxa observed at the conserved site. In their place we found that the impacted site is enriched in prokaryotic families that are known human and animal pathogens, a clear negative effect of the urbanization process.
KW - Environmental impact
KW - Mangrove
KW - Sediment microbiome
KW - Tropical estuary
KW - Urbanization
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U2 - 10.7717/peerj.12229
DO - 10.7717/peerj.12229
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85115971099
SN - 2167-8359
VL - 9
JO - PeerJ
JF - PeerJ
M1 - e12229
ER -