@article{39e700638a974e7aa83d043e40f083bd,
title = "Location-aware ingestible microdevices for wireless monitoring of gastrointestinal dynamics",
abstract = "Localization and tracking of ingestible microdevices in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is valuable for the diagnosis and treatment of GI disorders. Such systems require a large field-of-view of tracking, high spatiotemporal resolution, wirelessly operated microdevices and a non-obstructive field generator that is safe to use in practical settings. However, the capabilities of current systems remain limited. Here, we report three dimensional (3D) localization and tracking of wireless ingestible microdevices in the GI tract of large animals in real time and with millimetre-scale resolution. This is achieved by generating 3D magnetic field gradients in the GI field-of-view using high-efficiency planar electromagnetic coils that encode each spatial point with a distinct magnetic field magnitude. The field magnitude is measured and transmitted by the miniaturized, low-power and wireless microdevices to decode their location as they travel through the GI tract. This system could be useful for quantitative assessment of the GI transit-time, precision targeting of therapeutic interventions and minimally invasive procedures.",
author = "Saransh Sharma and Ramadi, {Khalil B.} and Poole, {Nikhil H.} and Srinivasan, {Shriya S.} and Keiko Ishida and Johannes Kuosmanen and Josh Jenkins and Fatemeh Aghlmand and Swift, {Margaret B.} and Shapiro, {Mikhail G.} and Giovanni Traverso and Azita Emami",
note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the contribution of Standard Technology Inc. (FL) in the assembly of gradient coils. We are grateful to the members of MICS Lab (Caltech) for insightful comments and discussions. This research was funded in part by the National Science Foundation under grant 1823036 (A.E. and M.G.S.); in part by the Rothenberg Innovation Initiative under grant 101170 (A.E. and M.G.S.); in part by the Heritage Medical Research Institute under grant 150901 (A.E. and M.G.S.); and in part by a grant from the Karl van Tassel (1925) Career Development Professorship, the Department of Mechanical Engineering at MIT (G.T.). K.B.R. was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under award no. F32DK122762 and the Division of Engineering at New York University, Abu Dhabi. Funding Information: We acknowledge the contribution of Standard Technology Inc. (FL) in the assembly of gradient coils. We are grateful to the members of MICS Lab (Caltech) for insightful comments and discussions. This research was funded in part by the National Science Foundation under grant 1823036 (A.E. and M.G.S.); in part by the Rothenberg Innovation Initiative under grant 101170 (A.E. and M.G.S.); in part by the Heritage Medical Research Institute under grant 150901 (A.E. and M.G.S.); and in part by a grant from the Karl van Tassel (1925) Career Development Professorship, the Department of Mechanical Engineering at MIT (G.T.). K.B.R. was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under award no. F32DK122762 and the Division of Engineering at New York University, Abu Dhabi. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.",
year = "2023",
month = mar,
doi = "10.1038/s41928-023-00916-0",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "6",
pages = "242--256",
journal = "Nature Electronics",
issn = "2520-1131",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "3",
}