Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls

Frank G. Sandmann; Elise Tessier; Joanne Lacy; Meaghan Kall; Edwin Van Leeuwen; Andre Charlett; Rosalind M. Eggo; Gavin Dabrera; W. John Edmunds; Mary Ramsay; Helen Campbell; Gayatri Amirthalingam; Mark Jit

doi:10.1093/cid/ciac151

Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls

Frank G. Sandmann, Elise Tessier, Joanne Lacy, Meaghan Kall, Edwin Van Leeuwen, Andre Charlett, Rosalind M. Eggo, Gavin Dabrera, W. John Edmunds, Mary Ramsay, Helen Campbell, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Mark Jit

Global Public Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Background: We aimed to quantify the unknown losses in health-related quality of life of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases using quality-adjusted lifedays (QALDs) and the recommended EQ-5D instrument in England. Methods: Prospective cohort study of nonhospitalized, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-positive (SARS-CoV-2-positive) cases aged 12-85 years and followed up for 6 months from 1 December 2020, with cross-sectional comparison to SARS-CoV-2-negative controls. Main outcomes were QALD losses; physical symptoms; and COVID-19-related private expenditures. We analyzed results using multivariable regressions with post hoc weighting by age and sex, and conditional logistic regressions for the association of each symptom and EQ-5D limitation on cases and controls. Results: Of 548 cases (mean age 41.1 years; 61.5% female), 16.8% reported physical symptoms at month 6 (most frequently extreme tiredness, headache, loss of taste and/or smell, and shortness of breath). Cases reported more limitations with doing usual activities than controls. Almost half of cases spent a mean of £18.1 on nonprescription drugs (median: £10.0), and 52.7% missed work or school for a mean of 12 days (median: 10). On average, all cases lost 13.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.7, 17.7) QALDs, whereas those reporting symptoms at month 6 lost 32.9 (95% CI: 24.5, 37.6) QALDs. Losses also increased with older age. Cumulatively, the health loss from morbidity contributes at least 18% of the total COVID-19-related disease burden in the England. Conclusions: One in 6 cases report ongoing symptoms at 6 months, and 10% report prolonged loss of function compared to pre-COVID-19 baselines. A marked health burden was observed among older COVID-19 cases and those with persistent physical symptoms.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	E962-E973
Journal	Clinical Infectious Diseases
Volume	75
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciac151
State	Published - Jul 1 2022

Keywords

19
2
COVID
CoV
QALYs
SARS
health
long COVID
related quality of life

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Microbiology (medical)
Infectious Diseases

Access to Document

10.1093/cid/ciac151

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this

Sandmann, F. G., Tessier, E., Lacy, J., Kall, M., Van Leeuwen, E., Charlett, A., Eggo, R. M., Dabrera, G., Edmunds, W. J., Ramsay, M., Campbell, H., Amirthalingam, G., & Jit, M. (2022). Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 75(1), E962-E973. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciac151

Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls. / Sandmann, Frank G.; Tessier, Elise; Lacy, Joanne et al.
In: Clinical Infectious Diseases, Vol. 75, No. 1, 01.07.2022, p. E962-E973.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Sandmann, FG, Tessier, E, Lacy, J, Kall, M, Van Leeuwen, E, Charlett, A, Eggo, RM, Dabrera, G, Edmunds, WJ, Ramsay, M, Campbell, H, Amirthalingam, G & Jit, M 2022, 'Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls', Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 75, no. 1, pp. E962-E973. https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciac151

Sandmann FG, Tessier E, Lacy J, Kall M, Van Leeuwen E, Charlett A et al. Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2022 Jul 1;75(1):E962-E973. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac151

Sandmann, Frank G. ; Tessier, Elise ; Lacy, Joanne et al. / Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England : Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls. In: Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2022 ; Vol. 75, No. 1. pp. E962-E973.

@article{a7ab2e223d1f43789df9cb0e9d683c2a,

title = "Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls",

abstract = "Background: We aimed to quantify the unknown losses in health-related quality of life of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases using quality-adjusted lifedays (QALDs) and the recommended EQ-5D instrument in England. Methods: Prospective cohort study of nonhospitalized, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-positive (SARS-CoV-2-positive) cases aged 12-85 years and followed up for 6 months from 1 December 2020, with cross-sectional comparison to SARS-CoV-2-negative controls. Main outcomes were QALD losses; physical symptoms; and COVID-19-related private expenditures. We analyzed results using multivariable regressions with post hoc weighting by age and sex, and conditional logistic regressions for the association of each symptom and EQ-5D limitation on cases and controls. Results: Of 548 cases (mean age 41.1 years; 61.5% female), 16.8% reported physical symptoms at month 6 (most frequently extreme tiredness, headache, loss of taste and/or smell, and shortness of breath). Cases reported more limitations with doing usual activities than controls. Almost half of cases spent a mean of £18.1 on nonprescription drugs (median: £10.0), and 52.7% missed work or school for a mean of 12 days (median: 10). On average, all cases lost 13.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.7, 17.7) QALDs, whereas those reporting symptoms at month 6 lost 32.9 (95% CI: 24.5, 37.6) QALDs. Losses also increased with older age. Cumulatively, the health loss from morbidity contributes at least 18% of the total COVID-19-related disease burden in the England. Conclusions: One in 6 cases report ongoing symptoms at 6 months, and 10% report prolonged loss of function compared to pre-COVID-19 baselines. A marked health burden was observed among older COVID-19 cases and those with persistent physical symptoms.",

keywords = "19, 2, COVID, CoV, QALYs, SARS, health, long COVID, related quality of life",

author = "Sandmann, {Frank G.} and Elise Tessier and Joanne Lacy and Meaghan Kall and {Van Leeuwen}, Edwin and Andre Charlett and Eggo, {Rosalind M.} and Gavin Dabrera and Edmunds, {W. John} and Mary Ramsay and Helen Campbell and Gayatri Amirthalingam and Mark Jit",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Crown copyright.",

year = "2022",

month = jul,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/cid/ciac151",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "75",

pages = "E962--E973",

journal = "Clinical Infectious Diseases",

issn = "1058-4838",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England

T2 - Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls

AU - Sandmann, Frank G.

AU - Tessier, Elise

AU - Lacy, Joanne

AU - Kall, Meaghan

AU - Van Leeuwen, Edwin

AU - Charlett, Andre

AU - Eggo, Rosalind M.

AU - Dabrera, Gavin

AU - Edmunds, W. John

AU - Ramsay, Mary

AU - Campbell, Helen

AU - Amirthalingam, Gayatri

AU - Jit, Mark

PY - 2022/7/1

Y1 - 2022/7/1

N2 - Background: We aimed to quantify the unknown losses in health-related quality of life of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases using quality-adjusted lifedays (QALDs) and the recommended EQ-5D instrument in England. Methods: Prospective cohort study of nonhospitalized, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-positive (SARS-CoV-2-positive) cases aged 12-85 years and followed up for 6 months from 1 December 2020, with cross-sectional comparison to SARS-CoV-2-negative controls. Main outcomes were QALD losses; physical symptoms; and COVID-19-related private expenditures. We analyzed results using multivariable regressions with post hoc weighting by age and sex, and conditional logistic regressions for the association of each symptom and EQ-5D limitation on cases and controls. Results: Of 548 cases (mean age 41.1 years; 61.5% female), 16.8% reported physical symptoms at month 6 (most frequently extreme tiredness, headache, loss of taste and/or smell, and shortness of breath). Cases reported more limitations with doing usual activities than controls. Almost half of cases spent a mean of £18.1 on nonprescription drugs (median: £10.0), and 52.7% missed work or school for a mean of 12 days (median: 10). On average, all cases lost 13.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.7, 17.7) QALDs, whereas those reporting symptoms at month 6 lost 32.9 (95% CI: 24.5, 37.6) QALDs. Losses also increased with older age. Cumulatively, the health loss from morbidity contributes at least 18% of the total COVID-19-related disease burden in the England. Conclusions: One in 6 cases report ongoing symptoms at 6 months, and 10% report prolonged loss of function compared to pre-COVID-19 baselines. A marked health burden was observed among older COVID-19 cases and those with persistent physical symptoms.

AB - Background: We aimed to quantify the unknown losses in health-related quality of life of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases using quality-adjusted lifedays (QALDs) and the recommended EQ-5D instrument in England. Methods: Prospective cohort study of nonhospitalized, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-positive (SARS-CoV-2-positive) cases aged 12-85 years and followed up for 6 months from 1 December 2020, with cross-sectional comparison to SARS-CoV-2-negative controls. Main outcomes were QALD losses; physical symptoms; and COVID-19-related private expenditures. We analyzed results using multivariable regressions with post hoc weighting by age and sex, and conditional logistic regressions for the association of each symptom and EQ-5D limitation on cases and controls. Results: Of 548 cases (mean age 41.1 years; 61.5% female), 16.8% reported physical symptoms at month 6 (most frequently extreme tiredness, headache, loss of taste and/or smell, and shortness of breath). Cases reported more limitations with doing usual activities than controls. Almost half of cases spent a mean of £18.1 on nonprescription drugs (median: £10.0), and 52.7% missed work or school for a mean of 12 days (median: 10). On average, all cases lost 13.7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.7, 17.7) QALDs, whereas those reporting symptoms at month 6 lost 32.9 (95% CI: 24.5, 37.6) QALDs. Losses also increased with older age. Cumulatively, the health loss from morbidity contributes at least 18% of the total COVID-19-related disease burden in the England. Conclusions: One in 6 cases report ongoing symptoms at 6 months, and 10% report prolonged loss of function compared to pre-COVID-19 baselines. A marked health burden was observed among older COVID-19 cases and those with persistent physical symptoms.

KW - 19

KW - 2

KW - COVID

KW - CoV

KW - QALYs

KW - SARS

KW - health

KW - long COVID

KW - related quality of life

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85138727206&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85138727206&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1093/cid/ciac151

DO - 10.1093/cid/ciac151

M3 - Article

C2 - 35245941

AN - SCOPUS:85138727206

SN - 1058-4838

VL - 75

SP - E962-E973

JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases

JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases

IS - 1

ER -

Long-Term Health-Related Quality of Life in Non-Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases With Confirmed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in England: Longitudinal Analysis and Cross-Sectional Comparison With Controls

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this