Abstract
This chapter presents an overview of the fundamentals and state-of-the-art in non-invasive biopotential recording instrumentation with a focus on micropower-integrated circuit design for high-density and unobtrusive wearable applications. Fundamental limits in sampling, noise, and energy efficiency in the design of front-end biopotential amplifiers and acquisition circuits are reviewed, and practical circuits that approach these limits using metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistors operating in the subthreshold and weak-inversion regime are presented. The electrode-body interface is shown to be a performance limiting factor in practical non-invasive wearable systems, and examples are given of practical interface circuits and electrode systems for dry-contact and non-contact biopotential sensing obviating the need for gel or electrolytic ohmic contact to the body.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Wearable Sensors |
Subtitle of host publication | Fundamentals, Implementation and Applications |
Publisher | Elsevier Inc. |
Pages | 323-352 |
Number of pages | 30 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9780124186668 |
ISBN (Print) | 9780124186620 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Sep 3 2014 |
Keywords
- Ambulatory monitoring
- Biomedical circuits
- Biopotential sensing
- Biosignal acquisition
- ECG
- EEG
- EMG
- Integrated circuit technique
- Low-power technique
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Medicine