TY - JOUR
T1 - Measurements and Models of Radio Frequency Impulsive Noise for Indoor Wireless Communications
AU - Blackard, Kenneth L.
AU - Rappaport, Theodore S.
AU - Bostian, Charles W.
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received March 1992; revised November 1992. This research was sponsored by the NCR Corp. and the MPRG Industrial Affiliates Program. This paper was presented in part at the 1991 ICC, May 1991, Denver, CO. K. L. Blackard is with the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Quantico, VA 22135. T. S. Rappaport and C. W. Bostian are with the Mobile Portable Radio Research Group, Bradley Department of Electrical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061. IEEE Log Number 9210924.
Funding Information:
The authors thank S. Seidel and M. Keitz for their assistance in the development of the measurement system and data collection during the measurement campaign. The authors gratefully acknowledge NCR Corporation for funding this research and permitting them to publish this work. The authors also thank B. Tuch of NCR Corporation for his helpful editorial comments and suggestions.
PY - 1993/9
Y1 - 1993/9
N2 - This paper presents the results of average and impulsive noise measurements inside several office buildings and retail stores. The noise measurement system operated at 918 MHz, 2.44 GHz, and 4 GHz with a nominal 40 MHz 3 dB RF bandwidth. Omnidirectional and directional antennas were used to investigate the characteristics and sources of RF noise in indoor channels. Statistical analyses of the measurements are presented in the form of peak amplitude probability distributions, pulse duration distributions, and interarrival time distributions. Simple first-order mathematical models for these statistical characterizations are also presented. These analyses indicate that photocopiers, printers (both line printers and cash register receipt printers), elevators, and microwave ovens are significant sources of impulsive noise in office and retail environments.
AB - This paper presents the results of average and impulsive noise measurements inside several office buildings and retail stores. The noise measurement system operated at 918 MHz, 2.44 GHz, and 4 GHz with a nominal 40 MHz 3 dB RF bandwidth. Omnidirectional and directional antennas were used to investigate the characteristics and sources of RF noise in indoor channels. Statistical analyses of the measurements are presented in the form of peak amplitude probability distributions, pulse duration distributions, and interarrival time distributions. Simple first-order mathematical models for these statistical characterizations are also presented. These analyses indicate that photocopiers, printers (both line printers and cash register receipt printers), elevators, and microwave ovens are significant sources of impulsive noise in office and retail environments.
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U2 - 10.1109/49.233212
DO - 10.1109/49.233212
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0027659295
SN - 0733-8716
VL - 11
SP - 991
EP - 1001
JO - IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
JF - IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
IS - 7
ER -