TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanically-regulated bone repair
AU - Anani, Tareq
AU - Castillo, Alesha B.
N1 - Funding Information:
We acknowledge funding from an NIH R01 Award 1R01AR073864 , a VA Merit Review Award 1I01RX001500 , and a VA Career Development Award. We thank the NYU Histopathology Core for assistance in cryosectioning. Imaging was performed at NYU Langone's Microscopy Laboratory, which is funded by the Cancer Center Support Grant P30CA016087 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - Fracture healing is a complex, multistep process that is highly sensitive to mechanical signaling. To optimize repair, surgeons prescribe immediate weight-bearing as-tolerated within 24 hours after surgical fixation; however, this recommendation is based on anecdotal evidence and assessment of bulk healing outcomes (e.g., callus size, bone volume, etc.). Given challenges in accurately characterizing the mechanical environment and the ever-changing properties of the regenerate, the principles governing mechanical regulation of repair, including their cell and molecular basis, are not yet well defined. However, the use of mechanobiological rodent models, and their relatively large genetic toolbox, combined with recent advances in imaging approaches and single-cell analyses is improving our understanding of the bone microenvironment in response to loading. This review describes the identification and characterization of distinct cell populations involved in bone healing and highlights the most recent findings on mechanical regulation of bone homeostasis and repair with an emphasis on osteo-angio coupling. A discussion on aging and its impact on bone mechanoresponsiveness emphasizes the need for novel mechanotherapeutics that can re-sensitize skeletal stem and progenitor cells to physical rehabilitation protocols.
AB - Fracture healing is a complex, multistep process that is highly sensitive to mechanical signaling. To optimize repair, surgeons prescribe immediate weight-bearing as-tolerated within 24 hours after surgical fixation; however, this recommendation is based on anecdotal evidence and assessment of bulk healing outcomes (e.g., callus size, bone volume, etc.). Given challenges in accurately characterizing the mechanical environment and the ever-changing properties of the regenerate, the principles governing mechanical regulation of repair, including their cell and molecular basis, are not yet well defined. However, the use of mechanobiological rodent models, and their relatively large genetic toolbox, combined with recent advances in imaging approaches and single-cell analyses is improving our understanding of the bone microenvironment in response to loading. This review describes the identification and characterization of distinct cell populations involved in bone healing and highlights the most recent findings on mechanical regulation of bone homeostasis and repair with an emphasis on osteo-angio coupling. A discussion on aging and its impact on bone mechanoresponsiveness emphasizes the need for novel mechanotherapeutics that can re-sensitize skeletal stem and progenitor cells to physical rehabilitation protocols.
KW - Bone mechanoadaptation
KW - Bone mechanobiology
KW - Dynamization
KW - Fracture callus
KW - Fracture healing
KW - Mechanical regulation of bone repair
KW - Skeletal stem and progenitor cells
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85118342678&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116223
DO - 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116223
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34624558
AN - SCOPUS:85118342678
SN - 8756-3282
VL - 154
JO - Bone
JF - Bone
M1 - 116223
ER -