@article{4496398581954808854e98c619efa770,
title = "Mediation of the Effect of Incarceration on Selling Sex Among Black Sexual Minority Men and Black Transgender Women in the HPTN 061 Study",
abstract = "Incarceration among Black sexual minority men and Black transgender women (BSMM/BTW) is disproportionately high in the United States. Limited research has documented the disruptive effect of incarceration on sexual networks and sexual partnership exchange among BSMM/BTW. We estimate the influence of incarceration on selling sex and mediating pathways among 1169 BSMM/BTW enrolled in the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 061 cohort to assess this relationship. Mediators investigated were social support, violence, illicit drug use, and distress due to experienced racism and homophobia. During the 6 months following baseline, 14% of the cohort was incarcerated, including 24% of BTW. After adjustment, recent incarceration was associated with 1.57 (95% CI 1.02, 2.42) times the risk of subsequently selling sex. The hypothesized mediators together explained 25% of the relationship, with an indirect effect risk ratio of 1.09 (95% CI 0.97, 1.24). Our results document an association and call for more research investigating mechanisms.",
keywords = "Black sexual minority men, Black transgender women, Incarceration, Mediation, Selling sex",
author = "Molly Remch and Scheidell, {Joy D.} and Cleland, {Charles M.} and Rodman Turpin and Duncan, {Dustin T.} and Dyer, {Typhanye T.} and Kaufman, {Jay S.} and Medha Mazumdar and Russell Brewer and Jonathan Feelemyer and Mayer, {Kenneth H.} and Khan, {Maria R.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank the following groups who made the HPTN 061 study possible: HPTN 061 study participants; HPTN 061 Protocol co-chairs, Beryl Koblin, PhD, Kenneth Mayer, MD, and Darrell Wheeler, PhD, MPH; HPTN061 Protocol team members; HPTN Black Caucus; HPTN Laboratory Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Statistical and Data Management Center, Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention; HPTN CORE Operating Center, Family Health International (FHI) 360; Black Gay Research Group; clinical research sites, staff, and Community Advisory Boards at Emory University, Fenway Institute, GWU School of Public Health and Health Services, Harlem Prevention Center, New York Blood Center, San Francisco Department of Public Health, the University of California, Los Angeles, Center for Behavioral and Addiction Medicine, and Cornelius Baker, FHI 360. We are thankful to Sam Griffith, Senior Clinical Research Manager, FHI 360, and Lynda Emel, Associate Director, HPTN Statistical and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, for their considerable assistance with HPTN 061 data acquisition and documentation. Funding Information: This research uses data from the HIV Prevention Trials Network 061 (HPTN 061) study. HPTN 061 Grant support was provided by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH): Cooperative Agreements UM1 AI068619, UM1 AI068617, and UM1 AI068613. Additional site funding included Fenway Institute Clinical Research Site (CRS): Harvard University CFAR (P30 AI060354) and CTU for HIV Prevention and Microbicide Research (UM1 AI069480); George Washington University CRS: District of Columbia Developmental CFAR (P30 AI087714); Harlem Prevention Center CRS and NY Blood Center/Union Square CRS: Columbia University CTU (5U01 AI069466) and ARRA funding (3U01 AI069466-03S1); Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center CRS and The Ponce de Leon Center CRS: Emory University HIV/AIDS CTU (5U01 AI069418), CFAR (P30 AI050409) and CTSA (UL1 RR025008); San Francisco Vaccine and Prevention CRS: ARRA funding (3U01 AI069496-03S1, 3U01 AI069496-03S2); UCLA Vine Street CRS: UCLA Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases CTU (U01 AI069424). This research was supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse Grant {\textquoteleft}Stop-and-Frisk, Arrest, and Incarceration and STI/HIV Risk in Minority MSM{\textquoteright} (Principal Investigator: Maria Khan; R01DA044037). Maria Khan, Charles Cleland, and Joy Scheidell received support from the New York University Center for Drug Use and HIV Research (P30 DA011041). Maria Khan additionally was supported by the New York University-City University of New York (NYU-CUNY) Prevention Research Center (U48 DP005008). Typhanye Dyer and Rodman Turpin were supported by the University of Maryland Prevention Research Center (U48 DP006382). Russell Brewer was supported by a Grant from NIDA (P30DA027828-08S1). This manuscript is a product of authors and has not been reviewed by and does not necessarily represent the views of the HPTN or the study sponsor/funders. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2023",
month = aug,
doi = "10.1007/s10461-023-04003-5",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "27",
pages = "2791--2802",
journal = "AIDS and Behavior",
issn = "1090-7165",
publisher = "Springer New York",
number = "8",
}