TY - JOUR
T1 - Modeling and analysis of fault detection and fault tolerance in wireless sensor networks
AU - Munir, Arslan
AU - Antoon, Joseph
AU - Gordon-Ross, Ann
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 ACM 1539-9087/2015/01-ART2 $15.00.
PY - 2015/1/1
Y1 - 2015/1/1
N2 - Technological advancements in communications and embedded systems have led to the proliferation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in a wide variety of application domains. These application domains include but are not limited to mission-critical (e.g., security, defense, space, satellite) or safety-related (e.g., health care, active volcano monitoring) systems. One commonality across all WSN application domains is the need to meet application requirements (e.g., lifetime, reliability). Many application domains require that sensor nodes be deployed in harsh environments, such as on the ocean floor or in an active volcano, making these nodes more prone to failures. Sensor node failures can be catastrophic for critical or safetyrelated systems. This article models and analyzes fault detection and fault tolerance in WSNs. To determine the effectiveness and accuracy of fault detection algorithms, we simulate these algorithms using ns-2. We investigate the synergy between fault detection and fault tolerance and use the fault detection algorithms' accuracies in our modeling of Fault-Tolerant (FT) WSNs.We develop Markov models for characterizingWSN reliability and Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) to facilitate WSN application-specific design. Results obtained from our FT modeling reveal that an FT WSN composed of duplex sensor nodes can result in as high as a 100% MTTF increase and approximately a 350% improvement in reliability over a Non-Fault-Tolerant (NFT) WSN. The article also highlights future research directions for the design and deployment of reliable and trustworthy WSNs.
AB - Technological advancements in communications and embedded systems have led to the proliferation of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in a wide variety of application domains. These application domains include but are not limited to mission-critical (e.g., security, defense, space, satellite) or safety-related (e.g., health care, active volcano monitoring) systems. One commonality across all WSN application domains is the need to meet application requirements (e.g., lifetime, reliability). Many application domains require that sensor nodes be deployed in harsh environments, such as on the ocean floor or in an active volcano, making these nodes more prone to failures. Sensor node failures can be catastrophic for critical or safetyrelated systems. This article models and analyzes fault detection and fault tolerance in WSNs. To determine the effectiveness and accuracy of fault detection algorithms, we simulate these algorithms using ns-2. We investigate the synergy between fault detection and fault tolerance and use the fault detection algorithms' accuracies in our modeling of Fault-Tolerant (FT) WSNs.We develop Markov models for characterizingWSN reliability and Mean Time to Failure (MTTF) to facilitate WSN application-specific design. Results obtained from our FT modeling reveal that an FT WSN composed of duplex sensor nodes can result in as high as a 100% MTTF increase and approximately a 350% improvement in reliability over a Non-Fault-Tolerant (NFT) WSN. The article also highlights future research directions for the design and deployment of reliable and trustworthy WSNs.
KW - Fault detection
KW - Fault-tolerance
KW - Markov modeling
KW - Reliability
KW - Wireless sensor networks
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U2 - 10.1145/2680538
DO - 10.1145/2680538
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84921930078
SN - 1539-9087
VL - 14
JO - ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems
JF - ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems
IS - 1
M1 - 3
ER -