Muon counting using silicon photomultipliers in the AMIGA detector of the Pierre Auger observatory

The Pierre Auger Collaboration

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/12/03/P03002

Muon counting using silicon photomultipliers in the AMIGA detector of the Pierre Auger observatory

The Pierre Auger Collaboration

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Abstract

AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory designed to extend its energy range of detection and to directly measure the muon content of the cosmic ray primary particle showers. The array will be formed by an infill of surface water-Cherenkov detectors associated with buried scintillation counters employed for muon counting. Each counter is composed of three scintillation modules, with a 10 m² detection area per module. In this paper, a new generation of detectors, replacing the current multi-pixel photomultiplier tube (PMT) with silicon photo sensors (aka. SiPMs), is proposed. The selection of the new device and its front-end electronics is explained. A method to calibrate the counting system that ensures the performance of the detector is detailed. This method has the advantage of being able to be carried out in a remote place such as the one where the detectors are deployed. High efficiency results, i.e. 98 % efficiency for the highest tested overvoltage, combined with a low probability of accidental counting (∼2 %), show a promising performance for this new system.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	P03002
Journal	Journal of Instrumentation
Volume	12
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/12/03/P03002
State	Published - Mar 3 2017

Keywords

Front-end electronics for detector readout
Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting methods
Performance of high energy physics detectors
Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs etc)

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Instrumentation
Mathematical Physics

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10.1088/1748-0221/12/03/P03002

Cite this

@article{7681cfff75974793b9f45943ec50dfef,

title = "Muon counting using silicon photomultipliers in the AMIGA detector of the Pierre Auger observatory",

abstract = "AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory designed to extend its energy range of detection and to directly measure the muon content of the cosmic ray primary particle showers. The array will be formed by an infill of surface water-Cherenkov detectors associated with buried scintillation counters employed for muon counting. Each counter is composed of three scintillation modules, with a 10 m2 detection area per module. In this paper, a new generation of detectors, replacing the current multi-pixel photomultiplier tube (PMT) with silicon photo sensors (aka. SiPMs), is proposed. The selection of the new device and its front-end electronics is explained. A method to calibrate the counting system that ensures the performance of the detector is detailed. This method has the advantage of being able to be carried out in a remote place such as the one where the detectors are deployed. High efficiency results, i.e. 98 % efficiency for the highest tested overvoltage, combined with a low probability of accidental counting (∼2 %), show a promising performance for this new system.",

keywords = "Front-end electronics for detector readout, Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting methods, Performance of high energy physics detectors, Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs etc)",

author = "{The Pierre Auger Collaboration} and A. Aab and P. Abreu and M. Aglietta and Ahn, {E. J.} and {Al Samarai}, I. and Albuquerque, {I. F.M.} and I. Allekotte and P. Allison and A. Almela and {Alvarez Castillo}, J. and J. Alvarez-Mu{\~n}iz and M. Ambrosio and Anastasi, {G. A.} and L. Anchordoqui and B. Andrada and S. Andringa and C. Aramo and F. Arqueros and N. Arsene and H. Asorey and P. Assis and J. Aublin and G. Avila and Badescu, {A. M.} and A. Balaceanu and C. Baus and Beatty, {J. J.} and Becker, {K. H.} and Bellido, {J. A.} and C. Berat and Bertaina, {M. E.} and X. Bertou and Biermann, {P. L.} and P. Billoir and J. Biteau and Blaess, {S. G.} and A. Blanco and J. Blazek and C. Bleve and M. Boh{\'a}{\v c}ov{\'a} and D. Boncioli and C. Bonifazi and N. Borodai and Botti, {A. M.} and J. Brack and I. Brancus and T. Bretz and A. Bridgeman and Briechle, {F. L.} and G. Farrar",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd and Sissa Medialab srl.",

year = "2017",

month = mar,

day = "3",

doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/12/03/P03002",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "12",

journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",

issn = "1748-0221",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Muon counting using silicon photomultipliers in the AMIGA detector of the Pierre Auger observatory

AU - The Pierre Auger Collaboration

AU - Aab, A.

AU - Abreu, P.

AU - Aglietta, M.

AU - Ahn, E. J.

AU - Al Samarai, I.

AU - Albuquerque, I. F.M.

AU - Allekotte, I.

AU - Allison, P.

AU - Almela, A.

AU - Alvarez Castillo, J.

AU - Alvarez-Muñiz, J.

AU - Ambrosio, M.

AU - Anastasi, G. A.

AU - Anchordoqui, L.

AU - Andrada, B.

AU - Andringa, S.

AU - Aramo, C.

AU - Arqueros, F.

AU - Arsene, N.

AU - Asorey, H.

AU - Assis, P.

AU - Aublin, J.

AU - Avila, G.

AU - Badescu, A. M.

AU - Balaceanu, A.

AU - Baus, C.

AU - Beatty, J. J.

AU - Becker, K. H.

AU - Bellido, J. A.

AU - Berat, C.

AU - Bertaina, M. E.

AU - Bertou, X.

AU - Biermann, P. L.

AU - Billoir, P.

AU - Biteau, J.

AU - Blaess, S. G.

AU - Blanco, A.

AU - Blazek, J.

AU - Bleve, C.

AU - Boháčová, M.

AU - Boncioli, D.

AU - Bonifazi, C.

AU - Borodai, N.

AU - Botti, A. M.

AU - Brack, J.

AU - Brancus, I.

AU - Bretz, T.

AU - Bridgeman, A.

AU - Briechle, F. L.

AU - Farrar, G.

PY - 2017/3/3

Y1 - 2017/3/3

N2 - AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory designed to extend its energy range of detection and to directly measure the muon content of the cosmic ray primary particle showers. The array will be formed by an infill of surface water-Cherenkov detectors associated with buried scintillation counters employed for muon counting. Each counter is composed of three scintillation modules, with a 10 m2 detection area per module. In this paper, a new generation of detectors, replacing the current multi-pixel photomultiplier tube (PMT) with silicon photo sensors (aka. SiPMs), is proposed. The selection of the new device and its front-end electronics is explained. A method to calibrate the counting system that ensures the performance of the detector is detailed. This method has the advantage of being able to be carried out in a remote place such as the one where the detectors are deployed. High efficiency results, i.e. 98 % efficiency for the highest tested overvoltage, combined with a low probability of accidental counting (∼2 %), show a promising performance for this new system.

AB - AMIGA (Auger Muons and Infill for the Ground Array) is an upgrade of the Pierre Auger Observatory designed to extend its energy range of detection and to directly measure the muon content of the cosmic ray primary particle showers. The array will be formed by an infill of surface water-Cherenkov detectors associated with buried scintillation counters employed for muon counting. Each counter is composed of three scintillation modules, with a 10 m2 detection area per module. In this paper, a new generation of detectors, replacing the current multi-pixel photomultiplier tube (PMT) with silicon photo sensors (aka. SiPMs), is proposed. The selection of the new device and its front-end electronics is explained. A method to calibrate the counting system that ensures the performance of the detector is detailed. This method has the advantage of being able to be carried out in a remote place such as the one where the detectors are deployed. High efficiency results, i.e. 98 % efficiency for the highest tested overvoltage, combined with a low probability of accidental counting (∼2 %), show a promising performance for this new system.

KW - Front-end electronics for detector readout

KW - Pattern recognition, cluster finding, calibration and fitting methods

KW - Performance of high energy physics detectors

KW - Photon detectors for UV, visible and IR photons (solid-state) (PIN diodes, APDs, Si-PMTs, G-APDs, CCDs, EBCCDs, EMCCDs etc)

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85017448381&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85017448381&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/1748-0221/12/03/P03002

DO - 10.1088/1748-0221/12/03/P03002

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85017448381

SN - 1748-0221

VL - 12

JO - Journal of Instrumentation

JF - Journal of Instrumentation

IS - 3

M1 - P03002

ER -

Muon counting using silicon photomultipliers in the AMIGA detector of the Pierre Auger observatory

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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