Neuromotor outcomes in children with very low birth weight at 5 yrs of age

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess a cohort of children with very low birth weight (VLBW) with premature history at the age of 5 yrs for the proportion of deficits in growth, motor, cognitive, and adaptive functions and to compare them with children with normal birth weight (>2500 g) in these areas. DESIGN: This is a descriptive, exploratory study using a convenience sample. A cohort of 160 children with VLBW and 124 children with normal birth weight were examined. Standardized clinical and neuropsychologic assessments were administered. Correlation and multiple comparison procedures were used to analyze the relationships among all continuous outcome variables. RESULTS: There is a significant difference in overall performance between the VLBW children and children with normal birth weight. Deficits in motor, cognitive, visual perception, visual-motor, and adaptive functions were more prominent when we further examined the VLBW children with motor problems. CONCLUSIONS: The VLBW children performed more poorly at age 5 yrs than did their counterparts. This validates the need for early screening and regular follow-up of VLBW preterm children, particularly those who have motor problems.