Abstract
Liquid helium I, II and cryogenic helium gas are used to generate and study highly turbulent flows under controlled laboratory conditions. These three working fluids have remarkable versatility, allowing extremely large values and dynamic ranges of the Reynolds (Re) and Rayleigh (Ra) numbers to be reached. In particular, cryogenic helium gas has been used to study turbulent thermal convection in a range 106 ≤ Ra ≤ 1017, by far the largest ever attained in a controlled experiment on turbulence. The upper limit exceeds previous studies by nearly three orders of magnitude.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 417-422 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Journal of Low Temperature Physics |
Volume | 121 |
Issue number | 5-6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2000 |
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
- General Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics