TY - JOUR
T1 - Next-Generation IoT Devices
T2 - Sustainable Eco-Friendly Manufacturing, Energy Harvesting, and Wireless Connectivity
AU - Rahmani, Hamed
AU - Shetty, Darshan
AU - Wagih, Mahmoud
AU - Ghasempour, Yasaman
AU - Palazzi, Valentina
AU - Carvalho, Nuno B.
AU - Correia, Ricardo
AU - Costanzo, Alessandra
AU - Vital, Dieff
AU - Alimenti, Federico
AU - Kettle, Jeff
AU - Masotti, Diego
AU - Mezzanotte, Paolo
AU - Roselli, Luca
AU - Grosinger, Jasmin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 IEEE.
PY - 2023/1/1
Y1 - 2023/1/1
N2 - This invited paper presents potential solutions for tackling some of the main underlying challenges toward developing sustainable Internet-of-things (IoT) devices with a focus on eco-friendly manufacturing, sustainable powering, and wireless connectivity for next-generation IoT devices. The diverse applications of IoT systems, such as smart cities, wearable devices, self-driving cars, and industrial automation, are driving up the number of IoT systems at an unprecedented rate. In recent years, the rapidly-increasing number of IoT devices and the diverse application-specific system requirements have resulted in a paradigm shift in manufacturing processes, powering methods, and wireless connectivity solutions. The traditional cloud-centering IoT systems are moving toward distributed intelligence schemes that impose strict requirements on IoT devices, e.g., operating range, latency, and reliability. In this article, we provide an overview of hardware-related research trends and application use cases of emerging IoT systems and highlight the enabling technologies of next-generation IoT. We review eco-friendly manufacturing for next-generation IoT devices, present alternative biodegradable and eco-friendly options to replace existing materials, and discuss sustainable powering IoT devices by exploiting energy harvesting and wireless power transfer. Finally, we present (ultra-)low-power wireless connectivity solutions that meet the stringent energy efficiency and data rate requirements of future IoT systems that are compatible with a batteryless operation.
AB - This invited paper presents potential solutions for tackling some of the main underlying challenges toward developing sustainable Internet-of-things (IoT) devices with a focus on eco-friendly manufacturing, sustainable powering, and wireless connectivity for next-generation IoT devices. The diverse applications of IoT systems, such as smart cities, wearable devices, self-driving cars, and industrial automation, are driving up the number of IoT systems at an unprecedented rate. In recent years, the rapidly-increasing number of IoT devices and the diverse application-specific system requirements have resulted in a paradigm shift in manufacturing processes, powering methods, and wireless connectivity solutions. The traditional cloud-centering IoT systems are moving toward distributed intelligence schemes that impose strict requirements on IoT devices, e.g., operating range, latency, and reliability. In this article, we provide an overview of hardware-related research trends and application use cases of emerging IoT systems and highlight the enabling technologies of next-generation IoT. We review eco-friendly manufacturing for next-generation IoT devices, present alternative biodegradable and eco-friendly options to replace existing materials, and discuss sustainable powering IoT devices by exploiting energy harvesting and wireless power transfer. Finally, we present (ultra-)low-power wireless connectivity solutions that meet the stringent energy efficiency and data rate requirements of future IoT systems that are compatible with a batteryless operation.
KW - Antennas
KW - backscattering
KW - biodegradable
KW - CMOS
KW - energy harvesting
KW - green substrates
KW - harmonic transponders
KW - MTT 70th Anniversary Special Issue
KW - rectifier
KW - recyclable electronics
KW - RFID
KW - sustainable IoT
KW - system-on-chip
KW - wireless power transmission
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85160809503&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1109/JMW.2022.3228683
DO - 10.1109/JMW.2022.3228683
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85160809503
SN - 2692-8388
VL - 3
SP - 237
EP - 255
JO - IEEE Journal of Microwaves
JF - IEEE Journal of Microwaves
IS - 1
ER -