TY - JOUR
T1 - Nonsuperconducting Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy
AU - Wolf, E. L.
N1 - Funding Information:
For generous financial support of this work I gratefully acknowledge the Science Research Council (London) and, especially, the Research Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Company, through the good offices of Dr. Roger S. Van Heyningen and Dr. W. T. Hanson, Jr.
PY - 1975/1/1
Y1 - 1975/1/1
N2 - This chapter emphasizes on tunneling spectroscopy, which one might define, roughly, as any measurement giving structure, however weak, as a function of the injection energy eV. Normally, of course, one measures the tunneling conductance G(V) or its derivative with respect to V, perhaps in the presence, additionally, of a magnetic field or stress, to clarify the origin of energy-dependent structure. Such measurements are usually made near 4.2 K, even when a normal metal counterelectrode is used, because the resolution of the spectroscopy is limited by thermal energy kBT. The apparent exclusion of superconductivity in the title may thus appear misleading; on the other hand, this chapter does not consider such purely superconductive phenomena as gap anisotropy, vortex properties, quasiparticle lifetimes, and the whole range of Josephson effects, that certainly comprise a separate field. These topics have been reviewed in the recent book by L. Solymar, to which the present article is complementary in a sense, although it attempts a rather greater depth in treatment of the physical content of material, at some expense in exhaustive bibliography. Nevertheless, it discusses the phenomenon of spin-split superconductivity as a means of determining the spin polarization in magnetic electrodes, the superconducting proximity effect as a specific strategy for studying magnetic interactions and other properties of the normal state, and several superconducting materials of an unusual nature.
AB - This chapter emphasizes on tunneling spectroscopy, which one might define, roughly, as any measurement giving structure, however weak, as a function of the injection energy eV. Normally, of course, one measures the tunneling conductance G(V) or its derivative with respect to V, perhaps in the presence, additionally, of a magnetic field or stress, to clarify the origin of energy-dependent structure. Such measurements are usually made near 4.2 K, even when a normal metal counterelectrode is used, because the resolution of the spectroscopy is limited by thermal energy kBT. The apparent exclusion of superconductivity in the title may thus appear misleading; on the other hand, this chapter does not consider such purely superconductive phenomena as gap anisotropy, vortex properties, quasiparticle lifetimes, and the whole range of Josephson effects, that certainly comprise a separate field. These topics have been reviewed in the recent book by L. Solymar, to which the present article is complementary in a sense, although it attempts a rather greater depth in treatment of the physical content of material, at some expense in exhaustive bibliography. Nevertheless, it discusses the phenomenon of spin-split superconductivity as a means of determining the spin polarization in magnetic electrodes, the superconducting proximity effect as a specific strategy for studying magnetic interactions and other properties of the normal state, and several superconducting materials of an unusual nature.
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U2 - 10.1016/S0081-1947(08)60335-5
DO - 10.1016/S0081-1947(08)60335-5
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:11644284629
SN - 0081-1947
VL - 30
SP - 1
EP - 91
JO - Solid State Physics - Advances in Research and Applications
JF - Solid State Physics - Advances in Research and Applications
IS - C
ER -