@article{ffbc6a55524b4c9fb2c9eac4542dd5a2,
title = "On the Difficulty of Inserting Trojans in Reversible Computing Architectures",
abstract = "Fabrication-less design houses outsource their designs to third-party foundries to lower fabrication cost. However, this creates opportunities for a rogue in the semiconductor foundry to introduce hardware Trojans, which stay inactive most of the time and cause unintended consequences to the system when triggered. Hardware Trojans in traditional CMOS-based circuits have been studied, and Design-for-Trust (DFT) techniques have been proposed to detect them. Different from traditional circuits in many ways, reversible circuits implement one-to-one input/output mappings. In this paper, we investigate the security implications of reversible circuits with a particular focus on the susceptibility to hardware Trojans. To this end, we consider reversible functions implemented using reversible circuits as well as irreversible functions embedded in reversible circuits.",
keywords = "Hardware Trojans, ancillary inputs, design for trust, reversible circuits, scrambling",
author = "Xiaotong Cui and Saeed, {Samah Mohamed} and Alwin Zulehner and Robert Wille and Kaijie Wu and Rolf Drechsler and Ramesh Karri",
note = "Funding Information: RAMESH KARRI received the PhD degree in computer science and engineering from the Univer-sity of California at San Diego. He is a professor of electrical and computer engineering in the Tandon School of Engineering, New York University. His research and education activities span hardware cybersecurity including trustworthy ICs, processors and cyberphysical systems; security-aware com-puter aided design, test, verification, validation and reliability; nano meets security; metrics; bench-marks; hardware cybersecurity competitions; additive manufacturing security. He has more than 200 journal and conference publications including tutorials on Trustworthy Hardware in IEEE Computer (2) and Proceedings of the IEEE (5). His groups work on hardware cyberse-curity was nominated for best paper awards (ICCD 2015 and DFTS 2015) and received awards at conferences (ITC 2014, CCS 2013, DFTS 2013 and VLSI Design 2012) and at competitions (ACM Student Research Competition at DAC 2012, ICCAD 2013, DAC 2014, ACM Grand Finals 2013, Kas-persky Challenge and Embedded Security Challenge). He was the recipient of the Humboldt Fellowship and the National Science Foundation CAREER Award. He is the area director for cyber security of the NY State Center for Advanced Telecommunications Technologies, NYU-Poly; co-founded the NYU Center for CyberSecurity -CCS (http://cyber.nyu.edu/), co-founded the Trust-Hub (http://trust-hub.org/) and founded and organizes the Embedded Security Challenge, the annual red team blue team event at NYU, (http:// www.nyu.edu/csaw2016/csaw-embedded). He co-founded the IEEE/ACM Symposium on Nanoscale Architectures (NANOARCH). He served as program/general chair of conferences including IEEE International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD), IEEE Symposium on Hardware Oriented Security and Trust (HOST), IEEE Symposium on Defect and Fault Tolerant Nano VLSI Systems (DFTS) NANOARCH, RFIDSEC 2015 and WISEC 2015. He serves on several program committees (DAC, ICCAD, HOST, ITC, VTS, ETS, ICCD, DTIS, WIFS). He was the associate editor of the IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security (2010-2014), the IEEE Transactions on CAD (2014-present), the ACM Journal of Emerging Computing Technologies (2007-present), the ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems (2014-present), the IEEE Access (2015-present), the IEEE Transactions on Emerging Technologies in Computing (2015-present), the IEEE Design and Test (2015-present) and the IEEE Embedded Systems Letters (2016-present). He served as an IEEE Computer Society distinguished visitor (2013-2015). He is on the Executive Committee of IEEE/ACM Design Automation Conference initiating and leading the Security@DAC initiative (2014-2017). He has delivered invited keynotes, talks, and tutorials on Hardware Security and Trust (ESRF, DAC, DATE, VTS, ITC, ICCD, NATW, LATW, CROSSING etc). He is a senior member of the IEEE. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2013 IEEE.",
year = "2020",
doi = "10.1109/TETC.2018.2823315",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "8",
pages = "960--972",
journal = "IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing",
issn = "2168-6750",
publisher = "IEEE Computer Society",
number = "4",
}