@article{4ed5cfca7d6a41d280235aeb57ff18b2,
title = "Open Universe survey of Swift -XRT GRB fields: Flux-limited sample of HBL blazars",
abstract = "Aims. The sample of serendipitous sources detected in all Swift-XRT images pointing at gamma ray bursts (GRBs) constitutes the largest existing medium-deep survey of the X-ray sky. To build such dataset we analysed all Swift X-ray images centred on GRBs and observed over a period of 15 years using automatic tools that do not require any expertise in X-ray astronomy. Besides presenting a new large X-ray survey and a complete sample of blazars, this work aims to be a step in the direction of achieving the ultimate goal of the Open Universe Initiative, which is to enable non-expert people to benefit fully from space science data, possibly extending the potential for scientific discovery, which is currently confined within a small number of highly specialised teams, to a much larger population. Methods. We used the Swift_deepsky Docker container encapsulated pipeline to build the largest existing flux-limited and unbiased sample of serendipitous X-ray sources. Swift_deepsky runs on any laptop or desktop computer with a modern operating system. The tool automatically downloads the data and the calibration files from the archives, runs the official Swift analysis software, and produces a number of results including images, the list of detected sources, X-ray fluxes, spectral energy distribution data, and spectral slope estimations. Results. We used our source list to build the LogN-LogS of extra-galactic sources, which perfectly matches that estimated by other satellites. Combining our survey with multi-frequency data, we selected a complete radio-flux-density-limited sample of high energy peaked blazars (HBL). The LogN-LogS built with this data set confirms that previous samples are incomplete below ∼20 mJy. ",
keywords = "Catalogs, Galaxies: active, Methods: data analysis, Surveys, X-rays: galaxies",
author = "P. Giommi and Chang, {Y. L.} and S. Turriziani and T. Glauch and C. Leto and F. Verrecchia and P. Padovani and Penacchioni, {A. V.} and F. Arneodo and {Barres De Almeida}, U. and Brandt, {C. H.} and M. Capalbi and O. Civitarese and V. D'Elia and {Di Giovanni}, A. and {De Angelis}, M. and {Del Rio Vera}, J. and {Di Pippo}, S. and R. Middei and M. Perri and Pollock, {A. M.T.} and S. Puccetti and N. Ricard and R. Ruffini and N. Sahakyan",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements. PG acknowledges the support of the Technische Univer-sit{\"a}t M{\"u}nchen – Institute for Advanced Studies, funded by the German Excellence Initiative (and the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 291763). CHB acknowledges the support of ICRANet and the Brazilian government, funded by the CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil under the project BEX 15113-13-2. UBdA acknowledges the support of a CNPq Productivity Research Grant no. 310827/2016-7 and a Ser-rapilheira Institute Grant number Serra – 1812-26906. He also acknowledges the receipt of a FAPERJ Young Scientist Fellowship. AVP and OC are supported by the National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) by the grant PIP 616, and by the Agencia Nacional de Promoci{\'o}n Cient{\'i}fica y Tecnol{\'o}gica (ANPCYT) PICT 140492. AVP and OC are members of the Scientific Research career of the CONICET. NS acknowledges the support of RA MoESCS Committee of Science, in the frames of the research project No 18T-1C335. RM acknowledges the financial support of INAF (Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica), Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, ASI (Agenzia Spaziale Italiana) under contract to INAF: ASI 2014-049-R.0 dedicated to SSDC. We thank the anonymous referee for useful suggestions that helped us improving the paper. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 ESO. Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2020",
month = oct,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/202037921",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "642",
journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",
issn = "0004-6361",
publisher = "EDP Sciences",
}