Abstract
Organic anion transporters (OATs) specialize in transporting organic anions (OAs), and most of the accumulated knowledge concerning OAT function has been found by studying prototypical substrates such as para-aminohippurate (PAH) and estrone-3-sulfate. OATs not only share high sequence homology, but they share many structural characteristics as well, including a sequence length of 500-600 amino acids, 12 transmembrane-spanning domains (TMDs), and cytosolic N- and C-termini. Identification of the specific proteins mediating OA secretion at the molecular level has allowed for the analysis of the pre- and postnatal ontogeny of the OATs, which may have clinical implications for the dosing of drugs to premature infants and full-term newborns, as well as pediatric patients. OATs are found in most barrier epithelia of the body, including the choroid plexus, blood- brain barrier, biliary tract, intestine, retinal-blood barrier, olfactory mucosa, and blood-testes barrier, among others.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Drug Transporters |
Subtitle of host publication | Molecular Characterization and Role in Drug Disposition: Second Edition |
Publisher | Wiley-Blackwell |
Pages | 25-41 |
Number of pages | 17 |
Volume | 9781118489932 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9781118705308 |
ISBN (Print) | 9781118489932 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Sep 2 2014 |
Keywords
- Ontogeny
- Organic anion transporters (OATs)
- Para-aminohippurate (PAH)
- Prototypical substrates
- Transmembrane-spanning domains (TMDs)
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- General Medicine
- Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all)
- General Chemistry
- General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology